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Studies assessing changes in shoulder ROM, muscle strength, and upper limb performance immediately after exposure to throwing or racket sports were selected. The Quality Assessment Tool for Before-After Studies (NIH) was used to quantify the risk of bias. Meta-analyses were conducted to verify clinical changes in the selected outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 9149 records were identified, and 27 were included in the meta-analysis. There was a decrease in internal rotation (IR) ROM of the shoulder (SMD: 0.50; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.22, 0.79) and throwing speed (SMD: 0.42; 95% CI: 0.15, 0.70) immediately after participation in throwing sports, while no significant changes were observed in racket sports.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Exposure to real or simulated matches reduced IR ROM and ball speed in throwers but not in racket sports athletes. These results will assist clinicians in planning strategies to mitigate the decreases in sports performance in these athletes between matches.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/17585732251327677","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,14]],"date-time":"2025-04-14T01:39:01Z","timestamp":1744594741000},"page":"403-422","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Changes in shoulder range of motion and muscle strength, and upper limb performance immediately after participation in throwing and racket sports: A systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Jayne Pereira","family":"Silva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9711-448X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vander","family":"Gava","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal University of S\u00e3o Carlos"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-6745-6362","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessandra Pereira","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7973-188X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rodrigo Scattone","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte"},{"name":"Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte"},{"name":"Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7552-8959","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Danilo Harudy","family":"Kamonseki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of Para\u00edba, Jo\u00e3o Pessoa, PB, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1094-334X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Germanna Medeiros","family":"Barbosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte"},{"name":"Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte"},{"name":"Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.1993.18.2.427"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","first-page":"140","article-title":"Risk factors for shoulder and elbow pain in youth baseball players","volume":"45","author":"Matsuura T","year":"2017","unstructured":"Matsuura T, Iwame T, Suzue N, et al. 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