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However, data on artificial nutrition supplied based on caloric needs during cancer care are scarce. In this review, we discuss the recommendations of the European and American societies for clinical nutrition on the use of nutritional interventions in malnourished patients with cancer in the context of current clinical practice. In particular, when enteral nutrition (oral or tube feeding) is not feasible or fails to meet the complete nutritional needs, supplemental parenteral nutrition (SPN) can bridge the gap. We report the available evidence on SPN in cancer patients and identify the perceived barriers to the wider application of this intervention. Finally, we suggest a \u2018permissive\u2019 role of SPN in cancer care but highlight the need for rigorous clinical studies to further evaluate the use of SPN in different populations of cancer patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/17588359221113691","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,26]],"date-time":"2022-09-26T05:44:42Z","timestamp":1664171082000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Supplemental parenteral nutrition in cancer care: why, who, when"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4930-8984","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paolo","family":"Cotogni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pain Management and Palliative Care, Department of Anesthesia, Intensive Care and Emergency, Molinette Hospital, University of Turin, Corso Bramante 88-90, Turin 10126, 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