{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T06:52:32Z","timestamp":1789195952589,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ther Adv Med Oncol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Patients with inoperable or metastatic oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) face limited therapeutic options. Nectin-4, an immunoglobulin-like transmembrane adhesion protein, and Trophoblast Surface Antigen 2 (TROP2), a transmembrane glycoprotein, have recently emerged as targets for antibody\u2013drug conjugates (ADCs).\n                      <jats:italic>Enfortumab Vedotin<\/jats:italic>\n                      , an ADC targeting Nectin-4, has been approved for locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma, while\n                      <jats:italic>sacituzumab govitecan<\/jats:italic>\n                      , targeting TROP2, was approved for metastatic triple-negative breast cancer.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to demonstrate expression rates of TROP2 and Nectin-4 in a representative cohort of human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive and HPV-negative OSCC and discuss the relevance of those markers as possible targets for ADCs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective cohort study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We analyzed tissue samples from 226 OSCC patients treated at the University Hospital of Cologne between 2005 and 2020. The expression of Nectin-4 and TROP2 was assessed using immunohistochemistry, and the H-score method was applied to categorize expression levels into four groups: negative (0\u201310), low (11\u2013100), moderate (101\u2013200), and high (201\u2013300).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      TROP2 expression was positive in 96.5% of the samples, with 84.1% showing moderate to high expression (H-Score 101\u2013300). A total of 38.8% of the cases expressed Nectin-4. Notably, patients with HPV-positive OSCC demonstrated significantly higher Nectin-4 expression compared to those with HPV-negative OSCC (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study is one of the first to investigate the expression of Nectin-4 and TROP2 in a cohort of both HPV-positive and HPV-negative OSCC patients. Our results indicate that TROP2 is almost universally expressed in OSCC, while Nectin-4 expression is less frequent. TROP2 and Nectin-4 are promising therapeutic targets for OSCC, with Nectin-4 being particularly relevant for HPV-positive patients. Clinical trials are necessary to confirm the clinical relevance and efficacy of ADCs targeting TROP2 and Nectin-4 in OSCC treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/17588359251361877","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,19]],"date-time":"2025-08-19T04:56:07Z","timestamp":1755579367000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Expression patterns of TROP2 and Nectin-4 in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma in relation to HPV status: potential biomarkers for targeted therapy"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-3120-0439","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Charlotte","family":"Klasen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Kerpernerstra\u00dfe 62, Cologne 50923, Germany Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6947-9836","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hans N. C.","family":"Eckel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany"},{"name":"Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nora","family":"Wuerdemann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany"},{"name":"Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"B\u00f6ckelmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of 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