{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T08:44:06Z","timestamp":1793781846378,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ther Adv Med Oncol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Gallbladder cancer (GBC) represents a rare but aggressive malignancy, often diagnosed at an advanced stage. Although immune checkpoint inhibitors have improved outcomes in biliary tract cancers, GBC-specific evidence remains limited due to underrepresentation in pivotal clinical trials.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the real-world effectiveness and safety of durvalumab combined with gemcitabine and cisplatin (Durva\u2009+\u2009gemcitabine and cisplatin (GemCis)) compared to GemCis alone in patients with advanced GBC.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective, multi-institutional cohort study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data were collected from the TriNetX Global Collaborative Network. Adults diagnosed with advanced GBC between January 2020 and January 2025 who received Durva\u2009+\u2009GemCis or GemCis as first-line therapy were included. Propensity score matching (1:1) was performed based on age, sex, race, metastatic sites, and tumor marker levels. The primary outcome was overall survival (OS), whereas secondary outcomes included adverse events (AEs).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Among 2458 patients with advanced GBC, 130 received Durva\u2009+\u2009GemCis and 201 received GemCis. After matching, 111 patients per group were analyzed. Median OS was significantly longer in the Durva\u2009+\u2009GemCis group compared to the GemCis group (13.1 vs 8.5\u2009months; log-rank\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.028). Most AEs were comparable between groups; however, malaise and fatigue were more frequently reported in the Durva group (28.8% vs 16.2%; hazard ratio: 1.98, 95% confidence interval: 1.11\u20133.53).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this real-world study, the addition of durvalumab to GemCis was associated with improved OS in patients with advanced GBC, with a manageable safety profile. These exploratory findings should be interpreted with caution, underscoring the need for dedicated GBC-specific prospective trials.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/17588359251393064","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,8]],"date-time":"2025-11-08T07:30:04Z","timestamp":1762587004000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Real-world effectiveness of durvalumab plus gemcitabine and cisplatin versus gemcitabine and cisplatin in advanced gallbladder cancer: a study using the TriNetX global network"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2780-520X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hsin-Chen","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Post-Baccalaureate 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Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21834"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-022-00398-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5114\/ceh.2019.85166"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0908721"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)00797-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/EVIDoa2200015"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.3375"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-147-8-200710160-00010"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2020.38.15_suppl.4520"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(18)30915-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.18.02178"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17474124.2021.1864325"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdv035"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21873\/invivo.11798"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.esmoop.2024.103647"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(23)00727-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.15641"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oncolo\/oyae306"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2024.114199"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2025.43.4_suppl.598"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers17020314"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2019.10.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.critrevonc.2021.103328"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13543784.2021.1837774"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(20)30109-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2206834"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41698-022-00327-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.esmoop.2024.103706"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-020-00324-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(22)00043-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12957-025-03703-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers16213689"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.03.023"}],"container-title":["Therapeutic 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