{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,24]],"date-time":"2026-05-24T07:05:46Z","timestamp":1779606346403,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004331","name":"Johnson & Johnson","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004331","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ther Adv Med Oncol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Deep and rapid prostate-specific antigen (PSA) response is an important indicator to consider in treatment decision-making given its predictive value for long-term clinical outcomes in metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study compared early PSA90 response (\u2a7e90% reduction in PSA levels) in a large and recent cohort of patients with mCSPC initiating apalutamide or enzalutamide in the United States.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective longitudinal analysis was conducted.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with mCSPC were identified from linked claims and electronic medical record data from the United States and categorized into the apalutamide or enzalutamide cohorts based on the first claim\/dispensation on or after December 16th, 2019. To adjust for differences observed in patient characteristics between the two cohorts, inverse probability of treatment weighting was used. Weighted Cox proportional hazards models were used to compare PSA90 response (PSA measurement \u2a7e90% lower than the most recent pretreatment PSA value) by 6\u2009months post treatment initiation between the apalutamide and enzalutamide cohorts.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Among 1296 patients with mCSPC treated with apalutamide and 1111 treated with enzalutamide, pretreatment characteristics were balanced after weighting. PSA90 response by 6\u2009months was achieved by 61.7% of patients in the apalutamide cohort and 55.2% of patients in the enzalutamide cohort (weighted hazard ratio: 1.20 [95% confidence interval: 1.07, 1.36];\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.003). Patients in the apalutamide cohort achieved a PSA90 response earlier than those in the enzalutamide cohort (median time to PSA90 response: 3.7 vs 4.9\u2009months, respectively).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In a large, real-world, retrospective analysis, patients with mCSPC treated with apalutamide were associated with a significantly higher rate of early PSA90 response compared to enzalutamide.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/17588359261445055","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T12:23:09Z","timestamp":1779366189000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Real-world comparative effectiveness of apalutamide versus enzalutamide for prostate-specific antigen response in metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4003-1103","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mehmet A.","family":"Bilen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin H.","family":"Lowentritt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chesapeake Urology, Towson, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabree","family":"Burbage","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Johnson &amp; Johnson, Horsham, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charmi","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Johnson &amp; Johnson, Horsham, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5801-6927","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carmine","family":"Rossi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Analysis Group, Inc., Montr\u00e9al, QC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frederic","family":"Kinkead","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Analysis Group, Inc., Montr\u00e9al, QC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gordon","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Analysis Group, Inc., Montr\u00e9al, QC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dominic","family":"Pilon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Analysis Group, Inc., Montr\u00e9al, QC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neal D.","family":"Shore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"START Carolinas\/Carolina Urologic Research Center, 823 82nd Parkway, Myrtle Beach, SC 29572, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_5_2_2","unstructured":"National Cancer Institute Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results Program. Cancer stat facts: prostate cancer https:\/\/seer.cancer.gov\/statfacts\/html\/prost.html (2025 accessed 24 July 2025)."},{"key":"e_1_3_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21871"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_4_2","article-title":"Metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer: toward an era of adaptive and personalized treatment","volume":"43","author":"Hamid AA","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hamid AA, Sayegh N, Tombal B, et al. Metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer: toward an era of adaptive and personalized treatment. Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book 2023; 43: e390166.","journal-title":"Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ph17030351"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11934-025-01272-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1903307"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_8_2","unstructured":"US Food and Drug Administration. FDA approves apalutamide for metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/drugs\/resources-information-approved-drugs\/fda-approves-apalutamide-metastatic-castration-sensitive-prostate-cancer (2019 7 accessed July 2025)."},{"key":"e_1_3_5_9_2","unstructured":"US Food and Drug Administration. FDA approves enzalutamide for metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/drugs\/resources-information-approved-drugs\/fda-approves-enzalutamide-metastatic-castration-sensitive-prostate-cancer (2019 accessed July 7 2025)."},{"key":"e_1_3_5_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.19.00799"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2025.8751"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annonc.2023.02.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.36469\/jheor.2025.141170"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_14_2","article-title":"Real-world comparison of deep prostate-specific antigen response in patients with metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer treated with apalutamide or enzalutamide","volume":"23","author":"Lowentritt B","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lowentritt B, Khilfeh I, Pilon D, et al. Real-world comparison of deep prostate-specific antigen response in patients with metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer treated with apalutamide or enzalutamide. Rev Urol 2024; 23: e29\u2013e40.","journal-title":"Rev Urol"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_15_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Comparison of deep prostate-specific antigen response in patients with de novo metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer initiated on apalutamide vs enzalutamide","volume":"24","author":"Lowentritt B","year":"2025","unstructured":"Lowentritt B, Khilfeh I, Pilon D, et al. Comparison of deep prostate-specific antigen response in patients with de novo metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer initiated on apalutamide vs enzalutamide. 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The strengthening the reporting of observational studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies https:\/\/www.equator-network.org\/reporting-guidelines\/strobe\/ (2025 accessed 4 March 2026)."},{"key":"e_1_3_5_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00273171.2011.568786"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.3697"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euros.2024.10.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13206221"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_24_2","volume-title":"2024 American society of clinical oncology annual meeting","author":"Maughan BL, Y","year":"2024","unstructured":"Maughan BL, Y, Mundle S, Wang X, et al. Rapid and deep prostate-specific antigen (PSA) response to apalutamide plus ADT correlates with improved survival in metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC) in real world practice in the US (OASIS Project). 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