{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T08:24:23Z","timestamp":1787214263002,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82272845"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82272845"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007129","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ZR2023LZL001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZR2023LZL001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007129","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Collaborative Academic Innovation Project of Shandong Cancer Hospital","award":["ZF003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZF003"]}]},{"name":"Foundation of Shandong Provincial Medical Association","award":["YXH2024ZS007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YXH2024ZS007"]}]},{"name":"Beijing Science and Technology Innovation Medical Development Foundation","award":["KC2023-JX-0288-PM97"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KC2023-JX-0288-PM97"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ther Adv Med Oncol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Limited-stage small cell lung cancer (LS-SCLC) frequently progresses to extensive-stage disease (ES-SCLC) after standard therapy. However, evidence regarding the efficacy and safety of various treatment regimens for this specific patient population remains limited.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of various treatment regimens among patients who progressed from LS-SCLC to ES-SCLC after standard chemoradiotherapy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Survival analyses using propensity score matching (PSM) were conducted in patients with LS-SCLC who progressed to ES-SCLC to assess the efficacy and safety of multiple treatment regimens, especially immunotherapy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective study included 378 patients with LS-SCLC who progressed to ES-SCLC at Shandong Cancer Hospital from January 2018 to December 2024. After propensity score matching (PSM), patients were divided into immunotherapy and non-immunotherapy groups. Data on treatment regimens and clinical outcomes, including objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS), were collected. Kaplan\u2013Meier analysis estimated PFS and OS, and Cox regression identified factors influencing OS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Median overall survival (mOS) and median progression-free survival (mPFS) in the immunotherapy group were longer than those in the non-immunotherapy group (16.4 vs 12.3 months, P &lt; 0.05; 5.3 vs 4.9 months, P &lt; 0.05, respectively). In an exploratory subgroup analysis, platinum-based regimens were associated with longer OS only in patients with a treatment-free interval (TFI) of 3 months or longer (median 19.3 vs 12.5 months; HR = 0.65, 95% CI 0.44\u20130.95, P &lt; 0.05).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our exploratory real-world data suggest that immunotherapy is associated with improved patient outcomes in patients with LS-SCLC who progress to ES-SCLC. Platinum-based regimens may be associated with better prognosis in the subgroup with a TFI of 3 months or longer. Given the exploratory nature, further prospective randomized trials are needed to confirm these observations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/17588359261477563","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T11:13:30Z","timestamp":1786965210000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Efficacy and safety of different treatment regimens in patients with small cell lung cancer progressing from limited-stage to extensive-stage disease"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-8934-9644","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Minghao","family":"Yu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaolong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenxing","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fujia","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yankang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaikai","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2737-5905","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiangjiao","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_7_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/tlcr-22-160"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pro6.1223"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202400666"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_5_2","first-page":"620","article-title":"Clinical insights into small cell lung cancer: Tumor heterogeneity, diagnosis, therapy, and future directions","volume":"73","author":"Megyesfalvi Z","year":"2023","unstructured":"Megyesfalvi Z, Gay CM, Popper H, et al. 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