{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T06:41:42Z","timestamp":1777876902570,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":115,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,1]],"date-time":"2016-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1459468800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Therapeutic Advances in Musculoskeletal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Bone marrow (BM) contains stem cells for both hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic lineages. Hematopoietic stem cells enable hematopoiesis to occur in a controlled manner in order to accurately compensate for the loss of short- as well as long-lived mature blood cells. The physiological role of nonhematopoietic BM stem cells, often referred to as multipotential stromal cells or skeletal stem cells (SSCs), is less understood. According to an authoritative current opinion, the main function of SSCs is to give rise to cartilage, bone, marrow fat and hematopoiesis-supportive stroma, in a specific sequence during embryonic and postnatal development. This review outlines recent advances in the understanding of origins and homeostatic functions of SSCs in vivo and highlights current and future SSC-based treatments for skeletal and joint disorders.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1759720x16642372","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,1]],"date-time":"2016-04-01T21:03:51Z","timestamp":1459544631000},"page":"57-71","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Bone repair with skeletal stem cells: rationale, progress to date and clinical application"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Elena A.","family":"Jones","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, St James\u2019s University Hospital, Room 5.24 Clinical Sciences Building, Leeds, West Yorkshire LS9 7TF, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter V.","family":"Giannoudis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Academic Department of Trauma & Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Leeds, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds, UK NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Unit, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dimitrios","family":"Kouroupis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Research, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University Campus of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20092210"},{"key":"bibr2-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.tea.2008.0244"},{"key":"bibr3-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/rme.14.17"},{"key":"bibr4-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.13740"},{"key":"bibr5-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.23103"},{"key":"bibr6-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.102210"},{"key":"bibr7-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1103253"},{"key":"bibr8-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1392.000"},{"key":"bibr9-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.39622"},{"key":"bibr10-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2011.06.008"},{"key":"bibr11-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2005.09.004"},{"key":"bibr12-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/stem.651"},{"key":"bibr13-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2014.12.002"},{"key":"bibr14-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/mt.2009.153"},{"key":"bibr15-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.34434"},{"key":"bibr16-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/hum.2010.138"},{"key":"bibr17-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2015.12.012"},{"key":"bibr18-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/14653249.2011.651533"},{"key":"bibr19-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmat2013"},{"key":"bibr20-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.23143"},{"key":"bibr21-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(200108)44:8<1928::AID-ART331>3.0.CO;2-P"},{"key":"bibr22-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21753"},{"key":"bibr23-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/ar3914"},{"key":"bibr24-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2141.1999.01715.x"},{"key":"bibr25-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14653240600855905"},{"key":"bibr26-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0736-0266(02)00238-3"},{"key":"bibr27-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1560"},{"key":"bibr28-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kem217"},{"key":"bibr29-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-197404000-00001"},{"key":"bibr30-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2015.06.020"},{"key":"bibr31-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0118544"},{"key":"bibr32-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0073893"},{"key":"bibr33-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-1383(08)70003-2"},{"key":"bibr34-1759720X16642372","first-page":"123","volume":"26","author":"Gonshor A.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofacial Implants"},{"key":"bibr35-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5966\/sctm.2013-0090"},{"key":"bibr36-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2007-08-105809"},{"key":"bibr37-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10616-011-9417-y"},{"key":"bibr38-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-200212000-00003"},{"key":"bibr39-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-014-2391-1"},{"key":"bibr40-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-015-2738-2"},{"key":"bibr41-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.M.00261"},{"key":"bibr42-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.I.00171","volume":"94","author":"Hernigou P.","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg"},{"key":"bibr43-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5413.45322"},{"key":"bibr44-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2011.10.001"},{"key":"bibr45-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.132252399"},{"key":"bibr46-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2012.125"},{"key":"bibr47-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.03696"},{"key":"bibr48-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.21230"},{"key":"bibr49-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stemcr.2015.05.005"},{"key":"bibr50-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/stem.2241"},{"key":"bibr51-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.10696"},{"key":"bibr52-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2013-204111"},{"key":"bibr53-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2014.12.034"},{"key":"bibr54-1759720X16642372","first-page":"193","volume":"20","author":"Kerr E.","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Surg Orthop Adv"},{"key":"bibr55-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2008.05.029"},{"key":"bibr56-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1634\/stemcells.2005-0480"},{"key":"bibr57-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2474-10-20"},{"key":"bibr58-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0046436"},{"key":"bibr59-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.berh.2009.08.004"},{"key":"bibr60-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2015.05.004"},{"key":"bibr61-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.TP.0000159029.48678.93"},{"key":"bibr62-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1634\/stemcells.2007-0466"},{"key":"bibr63-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2010.05.040"},{"key":"bibr64-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stemcr.2014.09.018"},{"key":"bibr65-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2015.09.046"},{"key":"bibr66-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.081206"},{"key":"bibr67-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1634\/stemcells.2007-0454"},{"key":"bibr68-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.tea.2014.0096"},{"key":"bibr69-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.12007"},{"key":"bibr70-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-015-0091-4"},{"key":"bibr71-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.2006.0271"},{"key":"bibr72-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/353105"},{"key":"bibr73-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1305224"},{"key":"bibr74-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2009.01.001"},{"key":"bibr75-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1634\/stemcells.2006-0089."},{"key":"bibr76-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20091046"},{"key":"bibr77-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.113.7.1161"},{"key":"bibr78-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2008.03.005"},{"key":"bibr79-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.22213"},{"key":"bibr80-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/03008201003597049"},{"key":"bibr81-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.307"},{"key":"bibr82-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.14"},{"key":"bibr83-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncb3067"},{"key":"bibr84-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1385\/SCR:1:2:169"},{"key":"bibr85-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2011-12-400085"},{"key":"bibr86-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2008-12-195859"},{"key":"bibr87-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-013-2249-y"},{"key":"bibr88-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.3.1142"},{"key":"bibr89-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200102013440516"},{"key":"bibr90-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.2489"},{"key":"bibr91-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2014.08.007"},{"key":"bibr92-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2007.08.025"},{"key":"bibr93-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4652(199812)177:3<426::AID-JCP6>3.0.CO;2-F"},{"key":"bibr94-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2012.09.004"},{"key":"bibr95-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep15632"},{"key":"bibr96-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-11-0646"},{"key":"bibr97-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellbi.2008.06.005"},{"key":"bibr98-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/term.1918"},{"key":"bibr99-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1100\/2012\/263637"},{"key":"bibr100-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2010-08-304287"},{"key":"bibr101-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2014.06.027"},{"key":"bibr102-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1634\/stemcells.2005-0430"},{"key":"bibr103-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.2006.12.1753"},{"key":"bibr104-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2014.03.010"},{"key":"bibr105-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/aft043"},{"key":"bibr106-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.blo.0000072467.53786.ca"},{"key":"bibr107-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/biores.2015.0006"},{"key":"bibr108-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2014.11.042"},{"key":"bibr109-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2012.03.009"},{"key":"bibr110-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2008-10-182246"},{"key":"bibr111-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2011.11.002"},{"key":"bibr112-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tips.2014.03.005"},{"key":"bibr113-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3143"},{"key":"bibr114-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2014.06.008"},{"key":"bibr115-1759720X16642372","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00277-015-2550-5"}],"container-title":["Therapeutic Advances in Musculoskeletal Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1759720X16642372","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/1759720X16642372","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1759720X16642372","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T22:35:48Z","timestamp":1777588548000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1759720X16642372"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,1]]},"references-count":115,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/1759720X16642372"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1759720x16642372","relation":{},"ISSN":["1759-720X","1759-7218"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1759-720X","type":"print"},{"value":"1759-7218","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,1]]}}}