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The pathogenic mechanisms of musculoskeletal pain relate to the differential sensory innervation of bones, joints, and muscles as opposed to skin and involve a number of peripheral and central nervous system cells and mediators. The interplay of neurons and non-neural cells (e.g. glial, mesenchymal, and immune cells) amplifies and sensitizes pain signals in a manner that leads to cortical remodeling. Moreover, sex, age, mood, and social factors, together with beliefs, thoughts, and pain behaviors influence the way in which musculoskeletal pain manifests and is understood and assessed. The aim of this narrative review is to summarize the different pathogenic mechanisms underlying musculoskeletal pain and how these mechanisms interact to promote the transition from acute to chronic pain.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1759720x21995067","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,26]],"date-time":"2021-02-26T04:32:51Z","timestamp":1614313971000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":105,"title":["Pathophysiology of musculoskeletal pain: a narrative review"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Filomena","family":"Puntillo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, \u2018Aldo Moro\u2019 University of Bari, Piazza G. 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