{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,4]],"date-time":"2026-07-04T04:49:19Z","timestamp":1783140559623,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Therapeutic Advances in Musculoskeletal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Both vertebral bodies and posterior elements of the vertebrae (facet joints, FJ) can engage in bone formation in radiographic axial spondyloarthritis (r-axSpA). However, little is known about the specific structural lesions and progression patterns of FJs in r-axSpA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To identify specific lesions related to r-axSpA and to investigate the distinct progression patterns by comparing the FJ changes of r-axSpA with that of diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH), osteoarthritis (OA), and control group (CG).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Single-center, retrospective study. Longitudinal imaging data were retrieved and collected.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Age- and sex-matched patients with complete thoracic and lumbar spine computed tomography (CT) data were included and their bilateral FJs were assessed. FJ changes were divided into erosions, ankylosis, joint-space narrowing, osteophytes, subchondral sclerosis, subchondral cysts, and vacuum phenomena. Average progressed year was defined as \u201cnumber of changed vertebrae\u2009\u00d7\u2009interval years\u201d\/number of changed vertebrae.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In all, 50 patients in each group were included. Subchondral cysts and vacuum phenomena were not observed. Bilateral FJ ankylosis (FJA)\/erosions in the thoracic and lumbar spine, and unilateral ankylosis\/erosions in T1\u20134, T9\u201312 were significantly more common in r-axSpA. Joint-space narrowing\/osteophytes\/subchondral sclerosis were significantly more common in DISH and OA. FJ lesions progressed in 56.34% of vertebrae of r-axSpA. The most common pattern was \u201cFJ normal advanced to ankylosis\u201d (17.54%) which required 2.63\u2009years. It was followed by \u201cerosions advanced to ankylosis\u201d (12.3%) which took 2.05\u2009years, and by \u201cnormal FJ advanced to erosions\u201d (11.04%) which took 2.29\u2009years, respectively. Degenerative changes could also progress to FJ erosions\/ankylosis (24.83%). The majority pattern in DISH\/OA was \u201cFJ changes advanced to subchondral sclerosis\/osteophytes\/joint-space narrowing.\u201d<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Bilateral FJA\/erosions are r-axSpA-specific lesions. The specific progression pattern for r-axSpA was \u201cFJ changes advanced to ankylosis\/erosions.\u201d Repeated CT examination in intervals of at least 2\u2009years will be more appropriate for monitoring FJ progression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1759720x241281201","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,28]],"date-time":"2024-09-28T05:18:56Z","timestamp":1727500736000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Distinct characteristics and progression patterns of facet joint structural lesions in radiographic axial spondyloarthritis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1829-5009","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simin","family":"Liao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liuquan","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, The Sixth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zheng","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feng","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1759720X241281201","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)31591-4"},{"key":"bibr2-1759720X241281201","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2021.07.005"},{"key":"bibr3-1759720X241281201","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2021.07.015"},{"key":"bibr4-1759720X241281201","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2022.151991"},{"key":"bibr5-1759720X241281201","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-28946-w"},{"key":"bibr6-1759720X241281201","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3344\/kjp.23228"},{"key":"bibr7-1759720X241281201","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keaa155"},{"key":"bibr8-1759720X241281201","first-page":"105674","volume":"91","author":"Arsen 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