{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,18]],"date-time":"2026-07-18T09:27:57Z","timestamp":1784366877083,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,27]],"date-time":"2023-06-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1687824000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Children's Orthopaedics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ankle fracture is one of the most frequent pediatric lower-limb fractures and may result in serious complications.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to determine the epidemiology of ankle fractures, defining fracture types, treatments, and complications in a pediatric population below 16\u2009years old.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Medical records of all the ankle fracture patients treated in our hospital during 2004\u20132020 were retrospectively reviewed. Data regarding age, sex, mechanism of injury, fracture type, treatment modalities, and complications were collected.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We examined records involving 328 children with 331 ankle fractures, with a ratio of 1:2 male per female. Mean annual prevalence was 24.3 per 100,000 children. Mean patient age was 11.2\u2009\u00b1\u20094.2\u2009years, with 75.3% of them aged over 10\u2009years. Sports activities accounted for the largest percentage of fractures (162 cases; 49.4%), followed by falls (67; 20.4%) and road traffic accidents (37; 11.3%). Physeal fractures were the most frequent type of lesion (223 cases). Most ankle fractures (60%) were managed using closed reduction and casting; for the remaining 40% of cases, fracture fixation was performed after closed or open reduction to correct the articular step-off and ensure the anatomical restoration of the physis. The main ankle fracture complication was premature growth arrest (12.1% of all physeal fractures).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pediatric ankle fractures primarily affect children older than 10\u2009years. Most of these fractures were caused by sports injuries or low-energy trauma. The majority of these fractures are physeal, and the distal tibial physis is affected 10 times more frequently than the distal fibular physis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of evidence:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Level III<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/18632521231182424","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,27]],"date-time":"2023-06-27T05:56:50Z","timestamp":1687845410000},"page":"348-353","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["A retrospective epidemiological cohort study of ankle fractures in children and teenagers"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Christina","family":"Steiger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Orthopedics Unit, Pediatric Surgery Service, Department of Women, Child, and Adolescent, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giacomo","family":"De Marco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Orthopedics Unit, Pediatric Surgery Service, Department of Women, Child, and Adolescent, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C\u00e9line","family":"Cu\u00e9rel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Orthopedics Unit, Pediatric Surgery Service, Department of Women, Child, and Adolescent, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2231-1048","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anne","family":"Tabard-Foug\u00e8re","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Orthopedics Unit, Pediatric Surgery Service, Department of Women, Child, and Adolescent, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Moez","family":"Chargui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Orthopedics Unit, Pediatric Surgery Service, Department of Women, Child, and Adolescent, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Romain","family":"Dayer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Orthopedics Unit, Pediatric Surgery Service, Department of Women, Child, and Adolescent, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dimitri","family":"Ceroni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Orthopedics Unit, Pediatric Surgery Service, Department of Women, Child, and Adolescent, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-18632521231182424","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/17453678308992902"},{"key":"bibr2-18632521231182424","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01241398-198709000-00003"},{"key":"bibr3-18632521231182424","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-197204000-00002"},{"key":"bibr4-18632521231182424","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01241398-199407000-00002"},{"key":"bibr5-18632521231182424","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2008.02.032"},{"key":"bibr6-18632521231182424","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/036354657800600507"},{"key":"bibr7-18632521231182424","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-197860080-00004"},{"key":"bibr8-18632521231182424","volume-title":"Rockwood and Wilkins\u2019 fractures in children","author":"Beaty 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