{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T02:15:44Z","timestamp":1791598544823,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,7]],"date-time":"2024-02-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1707264000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Children's Orthopaedics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aims to report the epidemiology of patellar sleeve injuries, describe diagnostic findings and treatment, and assess functional outcomes following different treatments.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A medical database was queried from 1990 to 2016 to identify patients \u226418\u2009years presenting to a single pediatric institution with a patellar sleeve injury. Patients with significant comorbidities or previously operatively treated for ipsilateral knee injuries were excluded. Standard demographic data, mechanism of injury, skeletal maturity, injury-related radiographic parameters, along with treatment paradigms, post-treatment clinical and radiographic findings, and patient-reported outcomes were collected.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 90 patients, mean age of 10.7\u2009years (range: 7\u201317) was included, of which 69 (77%) were male. Seventy-three percent of all injuries occurred while playing sports (particularly football\/basketball\/soccer), with \u201cdirect blow\u201d or \u201clanding\u201d being the most prevalent mechanisms of injury. Twenty-six (29%) underwent operative treatment, with transosseous suture fixation being the most popular surgical technique (73%). Of the 64 (71%) non-operatively treated patients, 18 (39%) were placed in a hinged knee brace locked in extension with the remainder split between casting and standard knee immobilizer. Compared to the non-operative cohort, a higher percentage of the operative group had a pre-treatment extensor lag (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and greater fragment displacement (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) with patella alta (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) on imaging. There was no difference in outcome scores (Pedi-IKDC\/Lysholm) or patella alta on radiographs between groups. Post-treatment surveys indicated no difference in residual pain or ability to return to sport.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This large case series provides valuable epidemiologic, clinical, and radiographic data describing patellar sleeve fractures, along with outcomes following non-operative and operative treatments.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of evidence:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>IV.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/18632521241228167","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,8]],"date-time":"2024-02-08T00:57:00Z","timestamp":1707353820000},"page":"208-215","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Management and subsequent outcomes of patellar sleeve injuries: A retrospective case series of 90 pediatric and adolescent patients"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2957-6658","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joseph L","family":"Yellin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Orthopaedics, Children\u2019s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9147-6631","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aliya G","family":"Feroe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Sports Medicine, Boston Children\u2019s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA"},{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ian T","family":"Watkins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Sports Medicine, Boston Children\u2019s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA"},{"name":"Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9902-0815","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Helena","family":"Franco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Sports Medicine, Boston Children\u2019s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA"},{"name":"Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Borna","family":"Guevel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Sports Medicine, Boston Children\u2019s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel B","family":"Haber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Panorama Orthopedics & Spine Center, Westminster, CO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mininder S","family":"Kocher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Sports Medicine, Boston Children\u2019s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA"},{"name":"Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-18632521241228167","volume-title":"Rockwood and Wilkin\u2019s fractures in children","author":"Waters 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