{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T06:50:01Z","timestamp":1777877401113,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]],"date-time":"2025-10-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760572800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]],"date-time":"2025-10-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760572800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Pediatric Rehabilitation Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Lower extremity spasticity can cause pain and limit function. This study examined the safety and efficacy of hyperselective neurectomy (HSN) of the gastrocnemius-soleus complex (GSC) in addressing spastic equinus deformities in pediatric patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pediatric patients that underwent HSN of the GSC by a single surgeon were retrospectively reviewed. Preoperative and postoperative Modified Ashworth Score and passive ankle dorsiflexion (\u00b0) were compared using Wilcoxon signed-rank test and Student's paired two-tailed t-test, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Ten lower extremities in seven patients with a mean age of 10 years were reviewed. Mean follow-up was 15 months. All extremities demonstrated improvement in spasticity. All exhibited improved passive ankle dorsiflexion range of motion with the knee in extension (mean change +17\u00b0, SD\u2009=\u20098\u00b0,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.000). Five patients demonstrated improved passive dorsiflexion with the knee in flexion while two remained unchanged from preoperative assessment (mean change +13\u00b0, SD\u2009=\u20099\u00b0,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.002). One complication, wound dehiscence, was noted and managed conservatively. No patients reported loss of strength or sensation. Four patients underwent subsequent staged surgery on the ipsilateral extremity for concomitant contractures.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>HSN of the GSC is safe in pediatric patients and effectively reduces spastic equinus deformity and improves ankle passive dorsiflexion in short-term follow-up.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/18758894251385635","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]],"date-time":"2025-10-16T17:38:27Z","timestamp":1760636307000},"page":"295-303","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Hyperselective neurectomy for spastic equinovarus in pediatric patients with hypertonia"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Lainey G","family":"Bukowiec","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Mayo Clinic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kitty Y","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mayo Clinic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joline E","family":"Brandenburg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mayo Clinic"},{"name":"Mayo Clinic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0530-4225","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter C","family":"Rhee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mayo Clinic"},{"name":"Clinical Investigation Facility, Travis Air Force Base, Fairfield, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2018.07.019"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physiol.00054.2018"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","first-page":"183","article-title":"The development of gait in the hemiplegic patient after selective tibial neurotomy","volume":"44","author":"Caillet F","year":"1998","unstructured":"Caillet F, Mertens P, Rabaseda S, et al. The development of gait in the hemiplegic patient after selective tibial neurotomy. Neurochirurgie 1998; 44: 183\u2013191.","journal-title":"Neurochirurgie"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","first-page":"769","article-title":"Larger contribution of passive stiffness to ankle plantarflexor moment during gait after stroke","volume":"23","author":"Lamontagne A","year":"1997","unstructured":"Lamontagne A, et al. Larger contribution of passive stiffness to ankle plantarflexor moment during gait after stroke. Soc Neurosci 1997; 23: 769.","journal-title":"Soc Neurosci"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/apmr.2001.26810"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2023.01.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1615\/CritRevPhysRehabilMed.2013007945"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rehab.2010.06.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/micr.1920040404"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/17531934211027499"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-198812000-00009"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-021-05035-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","first-page":"611","article-title":"The treatment of spastic contractures","volume":"2","author":"Stoffel A","year":"1913","unstructured":"Stoffel A. The treatment of spastic contractures. JBJS 1913; 2: 611\u2013644.","journal-title":"JBJS"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","first-page":"189","article-title":"Treatment of spastic foot by selective neurotomy of the tibial nerve. Results of a series of 31 cases","volume":"31","author":"Sindou M","year":"1985","unstructured":"Sindou M, Abdennebi B, Boisson D, et al. Treatment of spastic foot by selective neurotomy of the tibial nerve. Results of a series of 31 cases. Neurochirurgie 1985; 31: 189\u2013197.","journal-title":"Neurochirurgie"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-007-0399-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/67.2.206"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.SAP.0000044364.71359.BC"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2013.02.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.26599\/BSA.2020.9050003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","article-title":"Highly selective partial neurectomy for lower-extremity spasticity: 2-dimensional operative video","volume":"20","author":"Abou-Al-Shaar H","year":"2021","unstructured":"Abou-Al-Shaar H, Mahan MA. Highly selective partial neurectomy for lower-extremity spasticity: 2-dimensional operative video. Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown) 2021; 20: E442\u2013E443.","journal-title":"Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown)"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.63.5.575"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006123-200011000-00027"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1227\/01.NEU.0000140840.59586.CF"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2022.9.FOCVID22106"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(89)90149-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000099885"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.1994.tb08187.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2013.1.PEDS12311"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2018.12.187"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.14320"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","volume-title":"Spasticity in children and young people with non-progressive brain disorders: Management of spasticity and co-existing motor disorders and their early musculoskeletal complications","author":"National Collaborating Centre for Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Health (UK)","year":"2014","unstructured":"National Collaborating Centre for Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Health (UK). Spasticity in children and young people with non-progressive brain disorders: Management of spasticity and co-existing motor disorders and their early musculoskeletal complications. London: RCOG Press, 2014."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","first-page":"401","article-title":"Managing spasticity with drugs","volume":"46","author":"Simon O","year":"2010","unstructured":"Simon O, Yelnik AP. Managing spasticity with drugs. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med 2010; 46: 401\u2013410.","journal-title":"Eur J Phys Rehabil Med"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(86)90214-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/apmr.2002.32820"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-9993(98)90021-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pmrj.12713"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmrj.2015.05.020"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnmol.2022.972025"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1071100718770386"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.15375"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/67.2.206"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2012-001394"}],"container-title":["Journal of Pediatric Rehabilitation Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/18758894251385635","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/18758894251385635","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/18758894251385635","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T22:50:23Z","timestamp":1777589423000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/18758894251385635"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/18758894251385635"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/18758894251385635","relation":{},"ISSN":["1874-5393","1875-8894"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1874-5393","type":"print"},{"value":"1875-8894","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]]}}}