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Through experiments on three datasets: CSet8, BSD500, and OTCBVS, the system compared the performance differences between this algorithm and traditional edge detection methods. The results showed that IGSA improved the detection accuracy by 7% on ordinary color images, and by 3.5% on images with added Gaussian white noise. In addition, in infrared images, the edge linear connectivity reaches 1.333, which is 9.6% higher than traditional methods. 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