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The authors highlight the significant shortcomings of the proposals: detection of ASN by SAA is not specific of PD or other well-established clinical conditions; they do not allow prediction of clinical course and prognosis; and they are not suitable as an endpoint for clinical trials. To move forward with proposals reflecting so many uncertainties and unknowns will just sow confusion and misunderstanding within the PD community.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1877718x241308482","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,14]],"date-time":"2025-01-14T21:35:16Z","timestamp":1736890516000},"page":"939-943","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Proposed biological definitions of Parkinson's disease confuse understanding without delivering meaningful advances"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0808-0116","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francisco","family":"Cardoso","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Internal Medicine Department, The Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Schmidt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA"},{"name":"Rho, Inc., Durham, NC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(23)00404-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(23)00405-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.19323"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/EDBK_201313"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acn3.644"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(23)00109-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-023-02358-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41596-022-00787-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.29297"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2022.102270"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awad388"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000209499"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.biochem.052308.114844"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(19)30287-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2019.00013"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnmol.2018.00043"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.30019"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000209818"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1531-8257(200005)15:3<503::AID-MDS1013>3.0.CO;2-V"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_2","volume-title":"Evaluation of biomarkers and surrogate endpoints in chronic disease","author":"Institute of Medicine (US) Committee on Qualification of Biomarkers and Surrogate Endpoints in Chronic Disease","year":"2014","unstructured":"Institute of Medicine (US) Committee on Qualification of Biomarkers and Surrogate Endpoints in Chronic Disease. 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