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Fox Foundation for Parkinson's Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000864","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008211","name":"Association France Parkinson","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008211","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Parkinson\u2019s Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Experimental and observational studies suggest that \u03b2-adrenoreceptor drugs (\u03b22-agonists\/\u03b2-antagonists) are associated with Parkinson's disease (PD) risk. Previous epidemiological studies may be hampered by reverse causation\/confounding.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We examined the association of \u03b2-adrenoreceptor drugs with PD incidence, while addressing reverse causation and confounding in the E3N cohort study (2004\u20132018) using a new-user design.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Incident \u03b22-agonists\/\u03b2-antagonists users were identified through drug claims databases. Incident PD was ascertained using multiple sources and validated by experts. Drugs-PD associations were assessed using time-varying Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for multiple confounders. Main analyses used a 5y-exposure lag to address reverse causation; sensitivity analyses used a 2y-lag or no lag. We set up a nested case-control study to compare trajectories of \u03b22-agonists\/\u03b2-antagonists prescriptions before diagnosis using logistic mixed models.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Analyses for \u03b22-agonists were based on 81,890 women; 15,169 started using \u03b22-agonists and 579 developed PD. PD incidence was 36% lower (hazard ratio\u2009=\u20090.64, 95% confidence interval\u2009=\u20090.41\u20130.98; p-trend\u2009=\u20090.04 for the number of claims) in users of long-acting\/ultra-long-acting \u03b22-agonists (LABAs\/ultra-LABAs) compared to never users. There was no significant association for \u03b22-agonists overall and short-acting \u03b22-agonists. Analyses for \u03b2-antagonists were based on 75,896 women; 13,081 started using \u03b2-antagonists and 552 developed PD. PD incidence was similar in ever and never users in analyses with a 5y-lag but was higher in ever than never users in analyses with 2y-lag or no lag.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Incident use of LABAs\/ultra-LABAs is associated with lower PD incidence in women. Conversely, the association between \u03b2-antagonists and PD in women is likely due to reverse causation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1877718x251330993","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,30]],"date-time":"2025-04-30T02:51:23Z","timestamp":1745981483000},"page":"789-804","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Use of \u03b2-adrenoreceptor drugs and Parkinson\u2019s disease incidence in women from the French E3N cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Thi Thu Ha","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INSERM, Gustave Roussy, CESP, Villejuif, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8380-3439","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Agn\u00e8s","family":"Fournier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INSERM, Gustave Roussy, CESP, Villejuif, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3018-5507","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u00c9meline","family":"Courtois","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Univ. Paris-Sud, INSERM U1018, Team \u00ab High-dimensional biostatistics for drug safety and genomics \u00bb, CESP, Villejuif, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fanny","family":"Artaud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INSERM, Gustave Roussy, CESP, Villejuif, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pascale","family":"Tubert-Bitter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Univ. Paris-Sud, INSERM U1018, Team \u00ab High-dimensional biostatistics for drug safety and genomics \u00bb, CESP, Villejuif, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7157-419X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gianluca","family":"Severi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INSERM, Gustave Roussy, CESP, Villejuif, France"},{"name":"Department of Statistics, Computer Science, Applications \u201cG. 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