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Understanding dietary habits and nutritional status may help identify vulnerable patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To examine dietary habits and their associations with clinical characteristics in underweight versus normal-to-overweight individuals with PD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This cross-sectional study included 70 patients with PD attending a tertiary movement disorders centre. Demographic and clinical data were obtained through interviews and medical records. Disease severity was assessed using the Hoehn &amp; Yahr scale and the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS Part III and IV). Nutritional status was screened using the Mini Nutritional Assessment\u2013Short Form (MNA-SF). Dietary habits were evaluated using a culturally adapted Thai PD dietary questionnaire, and a dietitian estimated daily caloric and fluid intake. Participants were categorized by body mass index as underweight (&lt;18.5) or normal-to-overweight (\u226518.5). Group comparisons and logistic regression analyses were performed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Underweight patients more often consumed soft or liquid diets and had a higher prevalence of dysphagia. They reported less varied diets with lower meat and vegetable intake, although caloric and fluid intake were similar between groups. Underweight participants had lower MNA-SF scores (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and greater motor complications, including higher UPDRS Part IV scores (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.015). Female gender (OR 18.51), dysphagia (OR 5.97), and dyskinesia (OR 2.03) were independently associated with underweight status.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Underweight in PD is associated with female gender, dysphagia, and dyskinesia. Early nutritional screening and management of dysphagia and motor complications may improve outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1877718x261445952","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T12:36:41Z","timestamp":1777552601000},"page":"736-751","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The taste of Parkinson's: How food choices reflect nutritional health"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0060-9935","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Onanong","family":"Phokaewvarangkul","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Chulalongkorn Centre of Excellence for Parkinson's Disease &amp; Related Disorders, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand"},{"name":"King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-1439-2610","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Narumol","family":"Sukmueng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chulalongkorn Centre of Excellence for Parkinson's Disease &amp; Related Disorders, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand"},{"name":"King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-1871-6343","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Panthitra","family":"Kuwattanasuchati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chulalongkorn Centre of Excellence for Parkinson's Disease &amp; Related Disorders, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand"},{"name":"King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-4898-4913","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kanyawat","family":"Sanyawut","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chulalongkorn Centre of Excellence for Parkinson's Disease &amp; Related Disorders, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand"},{"name":"King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naruemon","family":"Rattanapitak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chulalongkorn Centre of Excellence for Parkinson's Disease &amp; Related Disorders, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand"},{"name":"King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6901-2064","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roongroj","family":"Bhidayasiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chulalongkorn Centre of Excellence for Parkinson's Disease &amp; Related Disorders, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand"},{"name":"King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand"},{"name":"The Academy of Science, The Royal Society of Thailand, Bangkok, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14235194"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1028415X.2021.1948655"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14802\/jmd.15008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2019.02.043"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-86011-w"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2022.1000527"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-16790-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14802\/jmd.22220"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-004-1706-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40520-022-02228-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinsp.2021.100001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JPD-212707"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","first-page":"6762528","article-title":"Gastrointestinal dysfunctions in Parkinson's disease: symptoms and treatments","volume":"2016","author":"Poirier AA","year":"2016","unstructured":"Poirier AA, Aube B, Cote M, et al. 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