{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T15:08:57Z","timestamp":1789139337469,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782432000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782432000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Parkinson\u2019s Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A cohort of 107 patients in late stage Parkinson's disease (PD) was followed for a decade.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To assess mortality rate, main causes of death and factors associated with higher mortality hazard.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Late stage PD was defined as Hoehn and Yahr IV-V in \u201con\u201d or \u2264 50% independency in activities of daily living (ADL). Medical records and mortality records were used to obtain data on mortality.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      After three years from baseline, 52 (54%) of the participants were alive, after five years 30 (31%) and after seven years 14 (15%). The most common main cause of death was aspiration pneumonia (34%), followed by sepsis (16%), unspecified pneumonia (13%), ileus (5%) and Covid-19 (5%). Baseline variables significantly associated with higher mortality hazard were worse ADL independency (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), worse Hoehn and Yahr stage (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), worse motor function (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), worse cognition (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) higher age (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.005), worse perceptual problems\/hallucinations (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.020) and having moved to a nursing home (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.021). In a multivariable model, worse motor function (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.001), worse depressive symptoms (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.023) and worse cognition (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.042).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The present end-of-life data provide enhanced knowledge on factors associated with higher mortality hazard in late stage PD. As aspiration pneumonia is the most common cause of death in PD worldwide and swallowing difficulties with the risk of aspiration are common in late stage PD, enhanced focus on prevention and treatment is essential. This may contribute to a better understanding of and care for late stage PD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1877718x261463369","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T11:46:32Z","timestamp":1782474392000},"page":"1275-1283","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Mortality rate, main causes of death and factors associated with higher mortality hazard in late stage Parkinson's disease"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3861-8012","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kristina","family":"Rosqvist","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Lund University"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Sk\u00e5ne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2012.126"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2020.05.016"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JPD-171181"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JPD-181380"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-010-5566-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mdc3.13186"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","first-page":"2593547","article-title":"Satisfaction with care in late stage Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"2019","author":"Rosqvist K","year":"2019","unstructured":"Rosqvist K, Hagell P, Iwarsson S, et al. 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