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Early-imaging evaluation may help identify patients at higher risk of poor hearing recovery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate the relationship between labyrinthine gadolinium-enhanced MRI (Gd-MRI) findings and clinical characteristics in patients with SSNHL and to assess the clinical value of MRI-based subtyping for early evaluation and stratified treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective observational study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Single tertiary referral center.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ninety-six patients with unilateral SSNHL treated between January 2014 and May 2020 were included.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Exposure or Intervention<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>All patients underwent gadolinium-enhanced inner ear MRI. According to imaging features, they were categorized into an MRI-negative group, an endolymphatic hydrops (EH) group, and a labyrinthine signal abnormalities (LSA) group.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main Outcome Measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Clinical symptoms, audiological data, inner ear subunit involvement, and short-term hearing gain were compared among groups. Independent predictors of hearing improvement were analyzed using multivariate linear regression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Among 96 patients, 55 were MRI-negative, 20 were EH, and 21 were LSA. The LSA group had the highest rates of vertigo and tinnitus (100% and 95.2%, respectively;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.001,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.038) and more extensive inner ear involvement (\u22652 subunits, 71.4%;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.003). Pretreatment hearing thresholds were comparable between groups, but the LSA group had a significantly-poorer pure-tone average after treatment. Multivariate regression identified age and MRI classification as independent predictors of low-frequency hearing gain (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u2009.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Gadolinium-enhanced inner ear MRI effectively stratifies SSNHL by identifying distinct imaging phenotypes correlated with clinical severity and recovery potential. Labyrinthine signal abnormalities, indicating more extensive inner ear involvement, are associated with poorer hearing recovery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Relevance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>MRI-based subtyping can facilitate early evaluation and individualized management of SSNHL, supporting its integration into routine diagnostic assessment. These preliminary findings require confirmation through larger prospective studies with long-term follow-up.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/19160216261440784","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T11:56:45Z","timestamp":1776427005000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Gadolinium-Enhanced MRI Classification of Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss and Its Clinical Correlates"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"55","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-7211-1303","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaojing","family":"Guo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China"},{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China"},{"name":"Fujian Institute of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaoying","family":"Ke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China"},{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China"},{"name":"Fujian Institute of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China"},{"name":"Fujian Clinical Research Center for Difficult Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shengnan","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China"},{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China"},{"name":"Fujian Institute of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China"},{"name":"Fujian Clinical Research Center for Difficult Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-5317-2953","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heng","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China"},{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China"},{"name":"Fujian Institute of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China"},{"name":"Fujian Clinical Research Center for Difficult Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599819859885"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000007900"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348940911800308"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)62071-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0111039"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2023.1193104"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fsurg.2021.682245"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2018.09.017"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000341989"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00129492-200405000-00008"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","first-page":"1183","article-title":"High signal from the otic labyrinth on unenhanced magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"13","author":"Weissman JL","year":"1992","unstructured":"Weissman JL, Curtin HD, Hirsch BE, Hirsch WL. 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