{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T13:35:14Z","timestamp":1777556114335,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":5,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,3]],"date-time":"2018-09-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1535932800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Diabetes Sci Technol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]},"abstract":"\n Background:<\/jats:title>\n The primary objective was to determine if exposure to radiation has an effect on insulin pump function.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Method:<\/jats:title>\n Four donated insulin pumps were filled with saline and set to identical program modes. They were attached together with a dosimeter and exposed to repeat CT scans.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n Insulin Pump 1 experienced a \u201cPrime\u201d alarm and a darkened screen during CT scan radiation exposure; this pump was removed from further radiation exposure after 6 CT scans. Insulin Pumps 2, 3, and 4 all continued to receive 34 more consecutive CT scan exposures with no significant alarms, failures, or malfunctions. Insulin Pump 4 experienced \u201cLow Battery\u201d and \u201cStuck Button\u201d alarms, both of which were easily fixed. Insulin Pumps 2, 3, and 4 received a total of at least 8576 mrem from 34 CT scans worth of radiation without any significant alarms, malfunctions, or failures. Insulin Pump 1 was monitored after being removed from the study and continued to function normally with the darkened screen.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n It cannot be determined whether Insulin Pump 1 had minor malfunctions due to repetitive use as a demonstration model or due to the radiation exposure. Insulin Pumps 2, 3, and 4 were monitored for 2 additional months following radiation exposure and continued to function normally. Further research studies with a larger number of insulin pumps are warranted to determine the true effect of radiation exposure on insulin pump function.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1932296818796481","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,3]],"date-time":"2018-09-03T06:06:38Z","timestamp":1535954798000},"page":"221-225","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["How Many Grays to Get to the Malfunction of Insulin Pumps? Determining the Effects of Radiation on Insulin Pump Function"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8342-2887","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angela L.","family":"Magdaleno","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Lehigh Valley Health Network, Allentown, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gretchen A.","family":"Perilli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Lehigh Valley Health Network, Allentown, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marc A.","family":"Vengrove","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Lehigh Valley Health Network, Allentown, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1932296818796481","unstructured":"Medtronic. MiniMed\u00ae System User Guide\u2014User Safety. 2016. Available at: https:\/\/www.medtronicdiabetes.com\/sites\/default\/files\/library\/download-library\/user-guides\/MP6026157-011_b.pdf. Accessed May 3, 2018."},{"key":"bibr2-1932296818796481","unstructured":"US Food and Drug Administration. Interference Between CT and Electronic Medical Devices\u2014Insulin Pumps. FDA. 2017. Available at: https:\/\/wayback.archive-it.org\/7993\/20171114140818\/https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/Radiation-EmittingProducts\/RadiationSafety\/ElectromagneticCompatibilityEMC\/ucm489704.htm. Accessed May 3, 2018."},{"key":"bibr3-1932296818796481","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AJP.0b013e3181534990"},{"key":"bibr4-1932296818796481","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1754-9485.2010.02138.x"},{"key":"bibr5-1932296818796481","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pme.12037"}],"container-title":["Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1932296818796481","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/1932296818796481","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1932296818796481","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T18:13:28Z","timestamp":1777400008000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1932296818796481"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,3]]},"references-count":5,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/1932296818796481"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1932296818796481","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-2968","1932-2968"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-2968","type":"print"},{"value":"1932-2968","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,3]]}}}