{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T08:38:46Z","timestamp":1793263126045,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,9]],"date-time":"2021-04-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617926400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011946","name":"Abbott Diabetes Care","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011946","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Diabetes Sci Technol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The feasibility of measuring \u03b2-hydroxybutyrate in ISF using a continuous ketone monitoring (CKM) sensor using a single calibration without further adjustments over 14\u2009days is described.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A CKM sensor was developed using wired enzyme technology with \u03b2-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase chemistry. In vitro characterization of the sensor was performed in phosphate buffered saline at 37\u00b0C. In vivo performance was evaluated in 12 healthy participants on low carbohydrate diets, who wore 3 ketone sensors on the back of their upper arms to continuously measure ketone levels over 14\u2009days. Reference capillary ketone measurements were performed using Precision Xtra\u00ae test strips at least 8 times a day.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The sensor is stable over 14\u2009days and has a linear response over the 0-8\u2009mM range. The operational stability of the sensor is very good with a 2.1% signal change over 14\u2009days. The first human study of the CKM sensor demonstrated that the sensor can continuously track ketones well through the entire 14\u2009days of wear. The performance with a single retrospective calibration of the sensor showed 82.4% of data pairs within 0.225\u2009mM\/20% and 91.4% within 0.3\u2009mM\/30% of the capillary ketone reference (presented as mM at &lt;1.5\u2009mM and as percentage at or above 1.5\u2009mM). This suggests that the sensor can be used with a single calibration for the 14\u2009days of use.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Measuring ketones in ISF using a continuous ketone sensor is feasible. Additional studies are required to evaluate the performance in intended patient populations, including conditions of ketosis and diabetic ketoacidosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/19322968211008185","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,9]],"date-time":"2021-04-09T04:56:20Z","timestamp":1617944180000},"page":"768-774","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":95,"title":["Feasibility of Continuous Ketone Monitoring in Subcutaneous Tissue Using a Ketone Sensor"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3596-2034","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shridhara","family":"Alva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Abbott Diabetes Care, Alameda, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristin","family":"Castorino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sansum Diabetes Research Institute, Santa Barbara, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyun","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Abbott Diabetes Care, Alameda, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junli","family":"Ou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Abbott Diabetes Care, Alameda, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-19322968211008185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1520-7560(199911\/12)15:6<412::AID-DMRR72>3.0.CO;2-8"},{"key":"bibr2-19322968211008185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2015.00027"},{"key":"bibr3-19322968211008185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/76.1.65"},{"key":"bibr4-19322968211008185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2012.07670.x"},{"key":"bibr5-19322968211008185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph110202092"},{"key":"bibr6-19322968211008185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-020-01178-2"},{"key":"bibr7-19322968211008185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-7075-5-36"},{"key":"bibr8-19322968211008185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1207788"},{"key":"bibr9-19322968211008185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc15-0078"},{"key":"bibr10-19322968211008185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jdi.12401"},{"key":"bibr11-19322968211008185","first-page":"1","volume":"4","author":"Schade DS","year":"1982","journal-title":"Spec Top Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"bibr12-19322968211008185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-5491.2005.01771.x"},{"key":"bibr13-19322968211008185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1464-5491.2001.00550.x"},{"key":"bibr14-19322968211008185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/imj.13798"},{"key":"bibr15-19322968211008185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc19-1459"},{"key":"bibr16-19322968211008185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1932296818822986"},{"key":"bibr17-19322968211008185","first-page":"A46","volume":"122","author":"Stocker D","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diabetes Technol Ther"},{"key":"bibr18-19322968211008185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.9b05109"},{"key":"bibr19-19322968211008185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/193229681300700511"},{"key":"bibr20-19322968211008185","unstructured":"FreeStyle Libre 2 user\u2019s manual. accessed January 16, 2021. https:\/\/freestyleserver.com\/Payloads\/IFU\/2020\/q2\/ART40703-001_rev-D-Web.pdf"},{"key":"bibr21-19322968211008185","volume-title":"Supplemental Tables for Interference Testing in Clinical Chemistry, EP37","author":"CLSI","year":"2018","edition":"1"},{"key":"bibr22-19322968211008185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.8.3704"},{"key":"bibr23-19322968211008185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yapd.2010.09.001"},{"key":"bibr24-19322968211008185","volume-title":"In vitro Diagnostic Test Systems \u2013 Requirements for Blood-Glucose Monitoring Systems for Self-Testing in Managing Diabetes Mellitus, ISO 15197","author":"ISO","year":"2013"},{"key":"bibr25-19322968211008185","unstructured":"FDA. 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