{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T23:46:02Z","timestamp":1783035962050,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]],"date-time":"2021-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617235200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"national institutes of health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DP3DK106826"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DP3DK106826"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Diabetes Sci Technol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Physical activity can cause glucose fluctuations both during and after it is performed, leading to hurdles in optimal insulin dosing in people with type 1 diabetes (T1D). We conducted a pilot clinical trial assessing the safety and feasibility of a physical activity-informed mealtime insulin bolus advisor that adjusts the meal bolus according to previous physical activity, based on step count data collected through an off-the-shelf physical activity tracker.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fifteen adults with T1D, each using a continuous glucose monitor (CGM) and an insulin pump with carbohydrate counting, completed two randomized crossover daily visits. Participants performed a 30 to 45-minute brisk walk before lunch and lunchtime insulin boluses were calculated based on either their standard therapy (ST) or the physical activity-informed bolus method. Post-lunch glycemic excursions were assessed using CGM readings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There was no significant difference between visits in the time spent in hypoglycemia in the post-lunch period (median [IQR] standard: 0 [0]% vs physical activity-informed: 0 [0]%, P\u2009=\u2009NS). Standard therapy bolus yielded a higher time spent in 70 to 180\u2009mg\/dL target range (mean\u2009\u00b1\u2009standard: 77%\u2009\u00b1\u200927% vs physical activity-informed: 59%\u2009\u00b1\u200931%, P\u2009=\u2009.03) yet, it was associated with a steeper negative slope in the early postprandial phase ( P\u2009=\u2009.032).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Use of step count to adjust mealtime insulin following a walking bout has proved to be safe and feasible in a cohort of 15 T1D subjects. Physical activity-informed insulin dosing of meals eaten soon after a walking bout has a potential of mitigating physical activity related glucose reduction in the early postprandial phase.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1932296821997917","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,2]],"date-time":"2021-04-02T02:58:51Z","timestamp":1617332331000},"page":"670-676","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Safety and Feasibility Evaluation of Step Count Informed Meal Boluses in Type 1 Diabetes: A Pilot Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8537-1892","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Basak","family":"Ozaslan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatric & Neurobehavioral Sciences, Center for Diabetes Technology Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sue A.","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatric & Neurobehavioral Sciences, Center for Diabetes Technology Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Pinnata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatric & Neurobehavioral Sciences, Center for Diabetes Technology Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charlotte L.","family":"Barnett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatric & Neurobehavioral Sciences, Center for Diabetes Technology Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kelly","family":"Carr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatric & Neurobehavioral Sciences, Center for Diabetes Technology Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian A.","family":"Wakeman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatric & Neurobehavioral Sciences, Center for Diabetes Technology Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary","family":"Clancy-Oliveri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatric & Neurobehavioral Sciences, Center for Diabetes Technology Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7645-2693","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marc D.","family":"Breton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatric & Neurobehavioral Sciences, Center for Diabetes Technology Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 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