{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T01:15:59Z","timestamp":1781658959868,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,9]],"date-time":"2022-07-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1657324800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010661","name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["754425"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["754425"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010661","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Diabetes Sci Technol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring (isCGM) is a method to monitor glucose concentrations without using a finger prick. Among persons with type 1 diabetes (T1D), isCGM results in improved glycemic control, less disease burden and improved health-related quality of life (HRQoL). However, it is not clear for which subgroups of patients isCGM is cost-effective. We aimed to provide a real-world cost-effectiveness perspective.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We used clinical data from a 1-year nationwide Dutch prospective observational study (N = 381) and linked these to insurance records. Health-related quality of life was assessed with the EQ-5D-3L questionnaire. Individuals were categorized into 4 subgroups: (1) frequent hypoglycemic events (58%), (2) HbA1c &gt; 70 mmol\/mol (8.5%) (19%), (3) occupation that requires avoiding finger pricks and\/or hypoglycemia (5%), and (4) multiple indications (18%). Comparing costs and outcomes 12 months before and after isCGM initiation, incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) were calculated for the total cohort and each subgroup from a societal perspective (including healthcare and productivity loss costs) at the willingness to pay of \u20ac50,000 per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) gained.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>From a societal perspective, isCGM was dominant in all subgroups (ie higher HRQoL gain with lower costs) except for subgroup 1. From a healthcare payer perspective, the probabilities of isCGM being cost-effective were 16%, 9%, 30%, 98%, and 65% for the total cohort and subgroup 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. Most sensitivity analyses confirmed these findings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Comparing subgroups of isCGM users allows to prioritize them based on cost-effectiveness. The most cost-effective subgroup was occupation-related indications, followed by multiple indications, high HbA1c and the frequent hypoglycemic events subgroups. However, controlled studies with larger sample size are needed to draw definitive conclusions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/19322968221109841","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,9]],"date-time":"2022-07-09T05:33:52Z","timestamp":1657344832000},"page":"135-142","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Personalizing the Use of a Intermittently Scanned Continuous Glucose Monitoring Device in Individuals With Type 1 Diabetes: A Cost-Effectiveness Perspective in the Netherlands (FLARE-NL 9)"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2511-4285","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sajad","family":"Emamipour","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter R.","family":"van Dijk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henk J.G.","family":"Bilo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diabetes Centre, Isala, Zwolle, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mireille A.","family":"Edens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Innovation and Science, Isala, Zwolle, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Onno","family":"van der Gali\u00ebn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Achmea, Zeist, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maarten J.","family":"Postma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Economics, Econometrics and Finance, Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Talitha L.","family":"Feenstra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands"},{"name":"National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Job F. M.","family":"van Boven","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-19322968221109841","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjdrc-2019-000809"},{"key":"bibr2-19322968221109841","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2009.04.022"},{"key":"bibr3-19322968221109841","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pedi.12735"},{"key":"bibr4-19322968221109841","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjdrc-2020-001330"},{"key":"bibr5-19322968221109841","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)31535-5"},{"key":"bibr6-19322968221109841","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13300-019-00720-0"},{"key":"bibr7-19322968221109841","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-019-4894-1"},{"key":"bibr8-19322968221109841","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.endinu.2018.04.003"},{"key":"bibr9-19322968221109841","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc19-1610"},{"key":"bibr10-19322968221109841","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc20-0738"},{"key":"bibr11-19322968221109841","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc20-1690"},{"key":"bibr12-19322968221109841","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17925\/EE.2018.14.2.73"},{"key":"bibr13-19322968221109841","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enfcle.2019.07.011"},{"key":"bibr14-19322968221109841","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13300-021-01166-z"},{"key":"bibr15-19322968221109841","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0266462313000160"},{"key":"bibr16-19322968221109841","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc17-1624"},{"key":"bibr17-19322968221109841","unstructured":"EuroQol. https:\/\/euroqol.org\/eq-5d-instruments\/eq-5d-3l-about\/."},{"key":"bibr18-19322968221109841","unstructured":"Cost-effectiveness in practice. 2015. https:\/\/www.zorginstituutnederland.nl\/publicaties\/rapport\/2015\/06\/26\/kosteneffectiviteit-in-de-praktijk."},{"key":"bibr19-19322968221109841","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13300-021-01157-0"}],"container-title":["Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/19322968221109841","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/19322968221109841","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/19322968221109841","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T18:15:59Z","timestamp":1777400159000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/19322968221109841"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,9]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/19322968221109841"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/19322968221109841","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-2968","1932-2968"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-2968","type":"print"},{"value":"1932-2968","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,9]]}}}