{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T13:49:04Z","timestamp":1777556944802,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,17]],"date-time":"2023-03-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1679011200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,17]],"date-time":"2023-03-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1679011200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"James Cook Research Fellowship, Royal Society of New Zealand"},{"name":"Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, New Zealand"},{"name":"Science for Technological Innovation National Science Challenge (SfTI) of New Zealand"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Diabetes Sci Technol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Poor glycemic management persists among people practicing insulin therapy in relation to type 1 and 2 diabetes despite a clear relationship with negative health outcomes. Skin penetration by jet injection has recently been shown as a viable method for inducing blood release from fingertips. This study examines the use of vacuum to enhance the volume of blood released and quantifies any dilution of the collected blood.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A single-blind crossover study involving 15 participants, each receiving four different interventions, was conducted wherein each participant served as their own control. Each participant experienced fingertip lancing and fingertip jet injection, both with and without applied vacuum. Participants were divided into three equal groups to explore different vacuum pressures.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study found that glucose concentration in blood collected under vacuum following jet injection and lancing were equivalent. We found that applying a 40 kPa vacuum following jet injection produced a 35-fold increase in the collected volume. We determined the limited extent to which the injectate dilutes blood collected following jet injection. The mean dilution of blood collected by jet injection was 5.5%. We show that jet injection is as acceptable to patients as lancing, while being equally suited for conducting glucose measurements.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Vacuum significantly enhances the volume of capillary blood released from the fingertip without any difference in pain. The blood collected by jet injection with vacuum is equivalent to that from lancing for glucose measurement purposes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/19322968231161361","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,18]],"date-time":"2023-03-18T02:08:57Z","timestamp":1679105337000},"page":"1165-1171","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Vacuum-Assisted Needle-Free Capillary Blood Sampling"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1876-7042","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Hoffman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Auckland Bioengineering Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James","family":"McKeage","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Auckland Bioengineering Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4783-3558","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bryan","family":"Ruddy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Auckland Bioengineering Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand"},{"name":"Department of Engineering Science, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Poul","family":"Nielsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Auckland Bioengineering Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand"},{"name":"Department of Engineering Science, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Taberner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Auckland Bioengineering Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand"},{"name":"Department of Engineering Science, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)07019-6."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MJT.0000000000001152."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.CURTHERES.2019.04.003."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4158\/EP14252.OR."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/J.1742-1241.2006.01150.X."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/193229680800200526."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/19322968211053895"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/I2MTC43012.2020.9128472."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/JAPPLPHYSIOL.00798."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","volume-title":"WHO Guidelines on Drawing Blood: Best Practices in Phlebotomy WHO Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data","author":"World Health Organization (WHO)","year":"2010","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO). WHO Guidelines on Drawing Blood: Best Practices in Phlebotomy WHO Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization Document Production Services; 2010."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMECH.2017.2725345."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/15209150050501952."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.34172\/jcs.2020.028."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2015.05.264."},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","first-page":"270","article-title":"Jet injection devices for the needle-free administration of compounds, vaccines, and other agents","volume":"17","author":"Logomasini MA","year":"2013","unstructured":"Logomasini MA, Stout RR, Marcinkoski R. Jet injection devices for the needle-free administration of compounds, vaccines, and other agents. 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