{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T13:50:20Z","timestamp":1777557020678,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,6]],"date-time":"2023-09-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1693958400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001505","name":"Health Research Council of New Zealand","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20\/1145 and 22\/051"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20\/1145 and 22\/051"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001505","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Diabetes Sci Technol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Real-time continuous glucose monitoring (rtCGM) has several advantages over intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring (isCGM) but generally comes at a higher cost. Do-it-yourself rtCGM (DIY-rtCGM) potentially has benefits similar to those of rtCGM. This study compared outcomes in adults with type 1 diabetes using DIY-rtCGM versus isCGM.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this crossover trial, adults with type 1 diabetes were randomized to use isCGM or DIY-rtCGM for eight weeks before crossover to use the other device for eight weeks, after a four-week washout period where participants reverted back to isCGM. The primary endpoint was time in range (TIR; 3.9-10 mmol\/L). Secondary endpoints included other glycemic control measures, psychosocial outcomes, and sleep quality.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sixty participants were recruited, and 52 (87%) completed follow-up. Glucose outcomes were similar in the DIY-rtCGM and isCGM groups, including TIR (53.1% vs 51.3%; mean difference \u22121.7% P = .593), glycosylated hemoglobin (57.0 \u00b1 17.8 vs 61.4 \u00b1 12.2 mmol\/L; P = .593), and time in hypoglycemia &lt;3.9 mmol\/L (3.9 \u00b1 3.8% vs 3.8 \u00b1 4.0%; P = .947). Hypoglycemia Fear Survey total score (1.17 \u00b1 0.52 vs 0.97 \u00b1 0.54; P = .02) and fear of hypoglycemia score (1.18 \u00b1 0.64 vs 0.97 \u00b1 0.45; P = .02) were significantly higher during DIY-rtCGM versus isCGM. Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire status (DTSQS) score was also higher with DIY-rtCGM versus isCGM (28.7 \u00b1 5.8 vs 26.0 \u00b1 5.8; P = .04), whereas diabetes-related quality of life was slightly lower (DAWN2 Impact of Diabetes score: 3.11 \u00b1 0.4 vs 3.32 \u00b1 0.51; P = .045); sleep quality did not differ between the two groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although the use of DIY-rtCGM did not improve glycemic outcomes compared with isCGM, it positively impacted several patient-reported psychosocial variables. DIY-rtCGM potentially provides an alternative, cost-effective rtCGM option.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/19322968231196562","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,6]],"date-time":"2023-09-06T07:18:08Z","timestamp":1693984688000},"page":"415-425","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The Effect of Do-It-Yourself Real-Time Continuous Glucose Monitoring on Glycemic Variables and Participant-Reported Outcomes in Adults With Type 1 Diabetes: A Randomized Crossover Trial"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2764-9980","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shekhar","family":"Sehgal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Health, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mona","family":"Elbalshy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Health, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Williman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, Canterbury District Health Board, Christchurch, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Galland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Health, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hamish","family":"Crocket","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Te Huataki Waiora School of Health, The University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rosemary","family":"Hall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Te Whatu Ora, Capital, Coast and Hutt Valley, Wellington, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ryan","family":"Paul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Te Huataki Waiora School of Health, The University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Leikis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Te Whatu Ora, Hawke\u2019s Bay, Hastings, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0454-6679","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin","family":"de Bock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, Canterbury District Health Board, Christchurch, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3348-5238","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Benjamin J.","family":"Wheeler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Health, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-19322968231196562","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc13-2112"},{"key":"bibr2-19322968231196562","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/dia.2018.0384"},{"key":"bibr3-19322968231196562","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00592-016-0907-4"},{"key":"bibr4-19322968231196562","volume":"46","author":"ElSayed NA","year":"2023","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"bibr5-19322968231196562","unstructured":"National Institutes of Clinical Excellence. 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