{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T07:28:15Z","timestamp":1793518095130,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,18]],"date-time":"2025-07-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752796800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"A.P. M\u00f8ller and Chastine Mc-Kinney M\u00f8ller Foundation"},{"name":"Heinrich Kopp\u2019s Grant"},{"name":"Region North Denmark Health Science Research Foundation"},{"name":"Dexcom, Inc"},{"name":"Steno Diabetes Center North Denmark","id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03w7awk87","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Diabetes Sci Technol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Glycemic variability in diabetes secondary to pancreatic diseases (pancreatic diabetes) remains unclear. We compared glycemic control and variability in patients with pancreatic diabetes and a matched group of individuals with type 2 diabetes using continuous glucose monitoring (CGM).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We included 30 patients with chronic pancreatitis and insulin-treated secondary diabetes and 30 individuals with insulin-treated type 2 diabetes (matched on HbA1c, age, and sex). Participants wore a blinded CGM for 20\u00b12 days. Glycemic variability was assessed using coefficient of variation (CV), standard deviation (SD), mean amplitude of glycemic excursions (MAGE), and continuous overall net glycemic action (CONGA) at 1 and 2-hour intervals. Glycemic control was evaluated based on time spent in predefined glucose ranges: &gt;250 mg\/dL, 181 to 250 mg\/dL, 70 to 180 mg\/dL (target range), 54 to 69 mg\/dL, and &lt;54 mg\/dL. CGM parameters were compared between groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      All CGM-derived measures of glycemic variability (CV, SD, MAGE, CONGA1, and CONGA2) were significantly higher in patients with chronic pancreatitis and diabetes compared to individuals with type 2 diabetes (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.01). Patients with chronic pancreatitis spent more time with glucose &gt;250 mg\/dL (8.8% vs 3.1%,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.008), less time in the target range (70-180 mg\/dL; 56.7% vs 68.5%,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.044), and more time at 54-69 mg\/dL (0.2% vs 0.0%,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.041). Their glycemia risk index for hyperglycemia was also higher (25.5 vs 16.5,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.033).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with pancreatic diabetes have higher glycemic variability than individuals with type 2 diabetes despite comparable levels of HbA1c.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/19322968251356239","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,19]],"date-time":"2025-07-19T05:20:56Z","timestamp":1752902456000},"page":"1878-1887","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Increased Glycemic Variability in Patients With Chronic Pancreatitis and Diabetes Compared to Type 2 Diabetes"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1120-8144","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Line","family":"Davidsen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Pancreatic Diseases and Mech-Sense, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark"},{"name":"Clinical Institute, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6649-8644","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Morten Hasselstr\u00f8m","family":"Jensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark"},{"name":"Data Science, Novo Nordisk, S\u00f8borg, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2693-0527","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas","family":"Kronborg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark"},{"name":"Steno Diabetes Center North Denmark, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0395-3563","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stine","family":"Hangaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark"},{"name":"Steno Diabetes Center North Denmark, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Vestergaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Institute, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark"},{"name":"Steno Diabetes Center North Denmark, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asbj\u00f8rn Mohr","family":"Drewes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Pancreatic Diseases and Mech-Sense, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark"},{"name":"Clinical Institute, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark"},{"name":"Steno Diabetes Center North Denmark, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Filip Krag","family":"Knop","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Clinical Metabolic Research, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 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