{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T03:19:44Z","timestamp":1777519184108,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Medical Acupuncture"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Acupuncture, an integral part of traditional Chinese medicine, has been practiced for over 2,500 years. Dr. William Osler, a renowned physician in Canada and the United States during the late 1800s, was also an acupuncturist. He learned acupuncture from Dr. Sydney Ringer, a prominent British physiologist and medical doctor. Osler developed a method for treating lower back pain that focused on local acupoints, utilizing long hatpins. He advocated for acupuncture in his teaching for four decades and included it in his seminal textbook\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">The Principles and Practice of Medicine: Designed for the Use of Practitioners and Students of Medicine<\/jats:italic>\n                    . In 1879, Osler experienced a failed case in his acupuncture practice. A wealthy patient\u2019s severe lower back pain was aggravated after treatment, leading to public criticism and professional humiliation. This incident caused some scholars to undervalue acupuncture and speculate that Osler ceased practicing it thereafter. The reasons for such painful experiences in acupuncture are generally attributed to four factors: The first is poor needle quality and size: The needles used by Osler were rigid and had a diameter of \u223c1.00 mm, which is significantly larger than modern acupuncture needles. The second is inadequate needling technique: Proper training and precision are crucial for painless acupuncture. The third is improper needle placement: Inserting needles into subcutaneous vessel walls or skin follicles can cause discomfort. The fourth is patient-specific reactions: Conditions such as hyperalgesia may increase sensitivity, requiring the use of distal acupoints rather than local ones. To minimize pain and adverse effects, effective communication with patients is essential. It is worth noting that the rate of severe pain caused by acupuncture is only 0.007%, and the risk of other adverse effects is very low.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/19336586251360951","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,7]],"date-time":"2025-10-07T21:06:08Z","timestamp":1759871168000},"page":"270-273","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Famous Sir William Osler: A Physician Acupuncturist and His Pain"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0183-0677","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arthur Yin","family":"Fan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"American TCM Association, Vienna, Virginia, USA."},{"name":"McLean Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine, PLC, Vienna, Virginia, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/acu.2023.0034"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/acu.2012.0921"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joim.2024.06.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2095-4964(17)60378-9"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","first-page":"40","article-title":"Dry needling: Is it derived from acupuncture? How did nonacupuncturists start using it","volume":"26","author":"Fan AY","year":"2020","unstructured":"Fan AY, , Alemi SF, , Li YM. Dry needling: Is it derived from acupuncture? How did nonacupuncturists start using it? Altern Ther Health Med, 2020; 26(3):40\u201346.","journal-title":"Altern Ther Health Med"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joim.2019.06.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","volume-title":"William Osler: A Life in Medicine","author":"Bliss M","year":"1999","unstructured":"Bliss M. William Osler: A Life in Medicine. Oxford University Press: New York, NY; 1999."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","volume-title":"The Quotable Osler","author":"Silverman M","year":"2008","unstructured":"Silverman M, , Murray TJM, , Bryan CS, eds. The Quotable Osler. American College of Physicians: Philadelphia, PA; 2008."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/acu.2016.29019.rcn"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","first-page":"282","volume-title":"The Principles and Practice of Medicine: Designed for the Use of Practitioners and Students of Medicine","author":"Osler W","year":"1892","unstructured":"Osler W. The Principles and Practice of Medicine: Designed for the Use of Practitioners and Students of Medicine, 1st ed.. D. Apple and Company: New York and London; 1892, p. 282. https:\/\/collections.countway.harvard.edu\/onview\/items\/show\/12610\/","edition":"1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197208102870626"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197210052871423"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1973.03220340053024"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_3_4_15_2","first-page":"678","article-title":"Letter: Osler and acupuncture","volume":"109","author":"Jones RK","year":"1973","unstructured":"Jones RK. Letter: Osler and acupuncture. Can Med Assoc J, 1973; 109(8):678.","journal-title":"Can Med Assoc J"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_3_4_16_2","first-page":"393","article-title":"Letter: What is a quack","volume":"111","author":"Draper CL","year":"1974","unstructured":"Draper CL. Letter: What is a quack? Can Med Assoc J, 1974; 111(5):393.","journal-title":"Can Med Assoc J"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_4_17_2","first-page":"393","article-title":"Sir William Osler-acupuncturist","volume":"51","author":"Veith I","year":"1975","unstructured":"Veith I. Sir William Osler-acupuncturist. Bull N Y Acad Med, 1975; 51(3):393\u2013400. https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/1089020\/","journal-title":"Bull N Y Acad Med"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1978.03290080027006"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_3_4_19_2","first-page":"853","article-title":"The virtual Dr. Osler","volume":"161","author":"Patterson R","year":"1999","unstructured":"Patterson R. The virtual Dr. Osler. CMAJ, 1999; 161(7):853.","journal-title":"CMAJ"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_4_20_2","first-page":"78","article-title":"Acupuncture and the law","volume":"120","author":"Looney GL","year":"1974","unstructured":"Looney GL. Acupuncture and the law. West J Med, 1974; 120(1):78\u201379.","journal-title":"West J Med"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1142\/S0192415X82000026"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/J.JMB.2007.S-1-07-02"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_2","unstructured":"National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health National Institutes of Health. Acupuncture: Effectiveness and Safety. Available from: https:\/\/www.nccih.nih.gov\/health\/acupuncture-effectiveness-and-safety [Last accessed: December29 2024]."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_2","unstructured":"Evidence-based acupuncture. Research on Acupuncture Safety. Available from: https:\/\/www.evidencebasedacupuncture.org\/safety\/ [Last accessed: May28 2024]."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-045961"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/09645284221085576"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_27_2","first-page":"AT11427","article-title":"A preliminary survey report on the use of acupuncture methods by Chinese acupuncturists worldwide","author":"Huang T","year":"2025","unstructured":"Huang T, , Yuan Z, , Liu Y, et al. A preliminary survey report on the use of acupuncture methods by Chinese acupuncturists worldwide. Altern Ther Health Med, 2025:AT11427.","journal-title":"Altern Ther Health Med"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_28_2","unstructured":"Truong T. How much does malpractice insurance cost by specialty? Jan 4 2023. Available from: https:\/\/bravopolicy.com\/malpractice-insurance\/malpractice-insurance-cost\/#h-how-much-does-malpractice-insurance-cost-doctors [Last accessed: November28 2024]."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_29_2","unstructured":"Guardado JR. Policy Research Perspectives: New Data Show the Highest Prevalence of Medical Liability Premium Increases in 15 Years. Available from: https:\/\/www.ama-assn.org\/system\/files\/2021-03\/prp-mlm-premiums-2020.pdf [Last accessed: May29 2024]."}],"container-title":["Medical Acupuncture"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/19336586251360951","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/19336586251360951","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/19336586251360951","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T16:07:39Z","timestamp":1777392459000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full\/10.1177\/19336586251360951"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/19336586251360951"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/19336586251360951","relation":{},"ISSN":["1933-6586","1933-6594"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1933-6586","type":"print"},{"value":"1933-6594","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]}}}