{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T02:24:17Z","timestamp":1767839057679,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,10,1]],"date-time":"2007-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1191196800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,10,1]],"date-time":"2007-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1191196800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Reprod. Sci."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,10]]},"DOI":"10.1177\/1933719107305866","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,11,13]],"date-time":"2007-11-13T21:33:49Z","timestamp":1194989629000},"page":"678-686","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Expression of Proliferative and Preapoptotic Molecules in Human Myometrium and Leiomyoma Throughout the Menstrual Cycle"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Umit A.","family":"Kayisli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Murat","family":"Berkkanoglu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gulnur","family":"Kizilay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Levent","family":"Senturk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aydin","family":"Arici","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,12,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"1407678_CR1","first-page":"565","volume-title":"Histology and Cell Biology: An Introduction to Pathology","author":"A Kierszenbaum","year":"2002","unstructured":"Kierszenbaum A. Follicle development and menstrual cycle: uterus. In: Histology and Cell Biology: An Introduction to Pathology. St Louis, MO:Mosby; 2002:565\u2013585."},{"key":"1407678_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1037","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.5787","volume":"111","author":"GP Flake","year":"2003","unstructured":"Flake GP, Andersen J., Dixon D. Etiology and pathogenesis of uterine leiomyomas: a review. Environ Health Perspect. 2003;111:1037\u20131054.","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"1407678_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2005.12.005","volume":"33","author":"I Sozen","year":"2006","unstructured":"Sozen I., Arici A. Cellular biology of myomas: interaction of sex steroids with cytokines and growth factors. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am. 2006;33:41\u201358.","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am"},{"key":"1407678_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2004.12.058","volume":"84","author":"S Palomba","year":"2005","unstructured":"Palomba S., Orio F. Jr, Russo T., et al. Antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects of raloxifene on uterine leiomyomas in postmenopausal women. Fertil Steril. 2005;84:154\u2013161.","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"1407678_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2005.07.1294","volume":"85","author":"JJ Wei","year":"2006","unstructured":"Wei JJ, Zhang XM, Chiriboga L., Yee H., Perle MA, Mittal K. Spatial differences in biologic activity of large uterine leiomyomata. Fertil Steril. 2006;85:179\u2013187.","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"1407678_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(02)03154-0","volume":"78","author":"I Sozen","year":"2002","unstructured":"Sozen I., Arici A. Interactions of cytokines, growth factors, and the extracellular matrix in the cellular biology of uterine leiomyomata. Fertil Steril. 2002;78:1\u201312.","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"1407678_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.4161\/cbt.5.1.2234","volume":"5","author":"M Liang","year":"2006","unstructured":"Liang M., Wang H., Zhang Y., Lu S., Wang Z. Expression and functional analysis of platelet-derived growth factor in uterine leiomyomata. Cancer Biol Ther. 2006;5:28\u201333.","journal-title":"Cancer Biol Ther"},{"key":"1407678_CR8","first-page":"595","volume":"40","author":"SF Cramer","year":"1995","unstructured":"Cramer SF, Horiszny JA, Leppert P. Epidemiology of uterine leiomyomas: with an etiologic hypothesis. J Reprod Med. 1995;40:595\u2013600.","journal-title":"J Reprod Med"},{"key":"1407678_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1449","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7533326","volume":"267","author":"S Nagata","year":"1995","unstructured":"Nagata S., Golstein P. The Fas death factor. Science. 1995;267:1449\u20131456.","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"1407678_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/S0898-6568(01)00234-0","volume":"14","author":"NR Leslie","year":"2002","unstructured":"Leslie NR, Downes CP PTEN: the down side of PI 3-kinase signalling. Cell Signal. 2002;14:285\u2013295.","journal-title":"Cell Signal"},{"key":"1407678_CR11","first-page":"3147","volume":"60","author":"SY Han","year":"2000","unstructured":"Han SY, Kato H., Kato S., et al. Functional evaluation of PTEN missense mutations using in vitro phosphoinositide phosphatase assay. Cancer Res. 2000;60:3147\u20133151.","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"1407678_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13513","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.23.13513","volume":"95","author":"MP Myers","year":"1998","unstructured":"Myers MP, Pass I., Batty IH, et al.The lipid phosphatase activity of PTEN is critical for its tumor suppressor function. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998;95:13513\u201313518.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"1407678_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/S0079-6603(04)78006-X","volume":"78","author":"J Majka","year":"2004","unstructured":"Majka J., Burgers PM The PCNA-RFC families of DNA clamps and clamp loaders. Prog Nucleic Acid Res Mol Biol. 2004;78:227\u2013260.","journal-title":"Prog Nucleic Acid Res Mol Biol"},{"key":"1407678_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3051","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.00653","volume":"116","author":"G Maga","year":"2003","unstructured":"Maga G., Hubscher U. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA): a dancer with many partners. J Cell Sci. 2003;116:3051\u20133060.","journal-title":"J Cell Sci"},{"key":"1407678_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsgi.2005.01.028","volume":"12","author":"A Goumenou","year":"2005","unstructured":"Goumenou A., Panayiotides I., Mahutte NG, Matalliotakis I., Fragouli Y., Arici A. Immunohistochemical expression of p53, MDM2, and p21Waf1 oncoproteins in endometriomas but not adenomyosis. J Soc Gynecol Investig. 2005;12:263\u2013266.","journal-title":"J Soc Gynecol Investig"},{"key":"1407678_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsgi.2004.02.005","volume":"11","author":"AG Goumenou","year":"2004","unstructured":"Goumenou AG, Matalliotakis IM, Tzardi M., Fragouli YG, Mahutte NG, Arici A. Apoptosis and differential expression of apoptosis-related proteins in endometriotic glandular and stromal cells. J Soc Gynecol Investig. 2004;11:318\u2013322.","journal-title":"J Soc Gynecol Investig"},{"key":"1407678_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(16)33500-1","volume":"122","author":"RW Noyes","year":"1975","unstructured":"Noyes RW, Hertig AT, Rock J. Dating the endometrial biopsy. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1975;122:262\u2013263.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"1407678_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1093\/molehr\/8.1.88","volume":"8","author":"UA Kayisli","year":"2002","unstructured":"Kayisli UA, Selam B., Demir R., Arici A. Expression of vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein in human placenta: possible implications in trophoblast invasion. Mol Hum Reprod. 2002;8:88\u201394.","journal-title":"Mol Hum Reprod"},{"key":"1407678_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2004-831902","volume":"22","author":"JD Cook","year":"2004","unstructured":"Cook JD, Walker CL. Treatment strategies for uterine leiomyoma: the role of hormonal modulation. Semin Reprod Med. 2004;22:105\u2013111.","journal-title":"Semin Reprod Med"},{"key":"1407678_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3056","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.138.7.5273","volume":"138","author":"KD Burroughs","year":"1997","unstructured":"Burroughs KD, Kiguchi K., Howe SR, et al. Regulation of apoptosis in uterine leiomyomata. Endocrinology. 1997;138:3056\u20133064.","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"1407678_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.105.048124","volume":"74","author":"O Shynlova","year":"2006","unstructured":"Shynlova O., Oldenhof A., Dorogin A., et al. Myometrial apoptosis: activation of the caspase cascade in the pregnant rat myometrium at midgestation. Biol Reprod. 2006;74:839\u2013849.","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"},{"key":"1407678_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4580","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2001-011968","volume":"87","author":"SC Huang","year":"2002","unstructured":"Huang SC, Tang MJ, Hsu KF, Cheng YM, Chou CY Fas and its ligand, caspases, and bcl-2 expression in gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist-treated uterine leiomyoma. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002;87:4580\u20134586.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"1407678_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.0.1460447","volume":"146","author":"Y Wang","year":"2002","unstructured":"Wang Y., Matsuo H., Kurachi O., Maruo T. Down-regulation of proliferation and up-regulation of apoptosis by gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist in cultured uterine leiomyoma cells. Eur J Endocrinol. 2002;146:447\u2013456.","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"1407678_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmh019","volume":"10","author":"T Maruo","year":"2004","unstructured":"Maruo T., Ohara N., Wang J., Matsuo H. Sex steroidal regulation of uterine leiomyoma growth and apoptosis. Hum Reprod Update. 2004;10:207\u2013220.","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Update"},{"key":"1407678_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod65.4.979","volume":"65","author":"B Selam","year":"2001","unstructured":"Selam B., Kayisli UA, Mulayim N., Arici A. Regulation of Fas ligand expression by estradiol and progesterone in human endometrium. Biol Reprod. 2001;65:979\u2013985.","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"},{"key":"1407678_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1159\/000072074","volume":"55","author":"V Bourlev","year":"2003","unstructured":"Bourlev V., Pavlovitch S., Stygar D., Volkov N., Lindblom B., Olovsson M. Different proliferative and apoptotic activity in peripheral versus central parts of human uterine leiomyomas. Gynecol Obstet Invest. 2003;55:199\u2013204.","journal-title":"Gynecol Obstet Invest"},{"key":"1407678_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(89)80046-8","volume":"160","author":"K Kawaguchi","year":"1989","unstructured":"Kawaguchi K., Fujii S., Konishi I., Nanbu Y., Nonogaki H., Mori T. Mitotic activity in uterine leiomyomas during the menstrual cycle. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1989;160:637\u2013641.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"1407678_CR28","first-page":"2192","volume":"83","author":"Y Shimomura","year":"1998","unstructured":"Shimomura Y., Matsuo H., Samoto T., Maruo T. Up-regulation by progesterone of proliferating cell nuclear antigen and epidermal growth factor expression in human uterine leiomyoma. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1998;83:2192\u20132198.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"1407678_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1159\/000292738","volume":"34","author":"S Lamminen","year":"1992","unstructured":"Lamminen S., Rantala I., Helin H., Rorarius M., Tuimala R. Proliferative activity of human uterine leiomyoma cells as measured by automatic image analysis. Gynecol Obstet Invest. 1992;34:111\u2013114.","journal-title":"Gynecol Obstet Invest"},{"key":"1407678_CR30","first-page":"908","volume":"7","author":"R Zaslawski","year":"2001","unstructured":"Zaslawski R., Surowiak P., Dziegiel P., Pretnik L., Zabel M. Analysis of the expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors, and of PCNA and Ki67 proliferation antigens, in uterine myomata cells in relation to the phase of the menstrual cycle. Med Sci Monit. 2001;7:908\u2013913.","journal-title":"Med Sci Monit"},{"key":"1407678_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/S1071-55760300004-2","volume":"10","author":"N Chegini","year":"2003","unstructured":"Chegini N., Verala J., Luo X., Xu J., Williams RS Gene expression profile of leiomyoma and myometrium and the effect of gonadotropin releasing hormone analogue therapy. J Soc Gynecol Investig. 2003;10:161\u2013171.","journal-title":"J Soc Gynecol Investig"},{"key":"1407678_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1007\/s00428-001-0568-7","volume":"441","author":"D Dixon","year":"2002","unstructured":"Dixon D., Flake GP, Moore AB, et al. Cell proliferation and apoptosis in human uterine leiomyomas and myometria. Virchows Arch. 2002;441:53\u201362.","journal-title":"Virchows Arch"},{"key":"1407678_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(16)45789-4","volume":"36","author":"VC Buttram Jr","year":"1981","unstructured":"Buttram VC Jr, Reiter RC Uterine leiomyomata: etiology, symptomatology, and management. Fertil Steril. 1981;36:433\u2013445.","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"1407678_CR34","first-page":"4311","volume":"61","author":"GL Mutter","year":"2001","unstructured":"Mutter GL, Ince TA, Baak JP, Kust GA, Zhou XP, Eng C. Molecular identification of latent precancers in histologically normal endometrium. Cancer Res. 2001;61:4311\u20134314.","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"1407678_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5017","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2003-030414","volume":"88","author":"O Guzeloglu-Kayisli","year":"2003","unstructured":"Guzeloglu-Kayisli O., Kayisli UA, Al-Rejjal R., Zheng W., Luleci G., Arici A. Regulation of PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10) expression by estradiol and progesterone in human endometrium. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2003;88:5017\u20135026.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"1407678_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2003.09.007","volume":"87","author":"KA Kovacs","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kovacs KA, Lengyel F., Kornyei JL, et al. Differential expression of Akt\/protein kinase B, Bcl-2 and Bax proteins in human leiomyoma and myometrium. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2003;87:233\u2013240.","journal-title":"J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol"},{"key":"1407678_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.3800283","volume":"18","author":"J Wei","year":"2005","unstructured":"Wei J., Chiriboga L., Mizuguchi M., Yee H., Mittal K. Expression profile of tuberin and some potential tumorigenic factors in 60 patients with uterine leiomyomata. Mod Pathol. 2005;18:179\u2013188.","journal-title":"Mod Pathol"},{"key":"1407678_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsgi.2005.04.008","volume":"12","author":"S Hussein-Fikret","year":"2005","unstructured":"Hussein-Fikret S., Fuller PJ, Gargett CE Expression of steroid receptor coactivators in cultured cells from paired myometrial and fibroid tissues. J Soc Gynecol Investig. 2005;12:445\u2013451.","journal-title":"J Soc Gynecol Investig"}],"container-title":["Reproductive Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1177\/1933719107305866.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1177\/1933719107305866\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1933719107305866","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1177\/1933719107305866.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,3]],"date-time":"2022-07-03T01:06:04Z","timestamp":1656810364000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1177\/1933719107305866"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,10]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,10]]}},"alternative-id":["1407678"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1933719107305866","relation":{},"ISSN":["1933-7191","1933-7205"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1933-7191","type":"print"},{"value":"1933-7205","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"31 December 2007","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}