{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T01:54:27Z","timestamp":1790042067615,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":95,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,1]],"date-time":"2009-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1230768000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,1]],"date-time":"2009-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1230768000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Reprod. Sci."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,1]]},"DOI":"10.1177\/1933719108327595","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,14]],"date-time":"2009-01-14T18:39:15Z","timestamp":1231958355000},"page":"7-19","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Vitamin D Acquisition and Breast Cancer Risk"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Faustino R.","family":"P\u00e9rez-L\u00f3pez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Chedraui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Javier","family":"Haya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"16010007_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2704","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra072739","volume":"358","author":"OJ Finn","year":"2008","unstructured":"Finn OJ. Molecular origins of cancer: cancer immunology. New Engl J Med. 2008;358:2704\u20132715.","journal-title":"New Engl J Med"},{"key":"16010007_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4106","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1210197","volume":"26","author":"X Jiang","year":"2007","unstructured":"Jiang X, Ellison SJ, Alarid ET, Shapiro DJ. Interplay between the levels of estrogen and estrogen receptor controls the level of the granzyme inhibitor, proteinase inhibitor 9 and susceptibility to immune surveillance by natural killer cells. Oncogene. 2007;26:4106\u20134114.","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"16010007_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1018770218022","volume":"3","author":"IH Russo","year":"1998","unstructured":"Russo IH, Russo J. Role of hormones in mammary cancer initiation and progression. J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia. 1998;3:49\u201361.","journal-title":"J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia"},{"key":"16010007_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/S0960-0760(01)00181-9","volume":"80","author":"DJ Liao","year":"2002","unstructured":"Liao DJ, Dickson RB. Steroid hormone-growth factor interactions in proliferative controls of the mammary gland and breast cancer: a rapidly evolving perspective. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2002;80:135\u2013136.","journal-title":"J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol"},{"key":"16010007_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2739","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.003194","volume":"134","author":"WT Khaled","year":"2007","unstructured":"Khaled WT, Read EK, Nicholson SE, et al. The IL-4\/IL-13\/Stat6 signalling pathway promotes luminal mammary epithelial cell development. Development. 2007;134:2739\u20132750.","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"16010007_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.321.7261.624","volume":"321","author":"K McPherson","year":"2000","unstructured":"McPherson K, Steel CM, Dixon JM. ABC of breast diseases. Breast cancer-epidemiology, risk factors, and genetics. BMJ. 2000;321:624\u2013628.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"16010007_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1204","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djj331","volume":"98","author":"WE Barlow","year":"2006","unstructured":"Barlow WE, White E, Ballard-Barbash R, et al. Prospective breast cancer risk prediction model for women undergoing screening mammography. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2006;98: 1204\u20131214.","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"16010007_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra070553","volume":"357","author":"MF Holick","year":"2007","unstructured":"Holick MF. Vitamin D deficiency. N Engl J Med. 2007;357: 266\u2013281.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"16010007_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2007.05.002","volume":"58","author":"FR P\u00e9rez-L\u00f3pez","year":"2007","unstructured":"P\u00e9rez-L\u00f3pez FR. Vitamin D and its implications for musculoskeletal health in women: an update. Maturitas. 2007;58: 117\u2013137.","journal-title":"Maturitas"},{"key":"16010007_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2007.12.007","volume":"59","author":"FR P\u00e9rez-L\u00f3pez","year":"2008","unstructured":"P\u00e9rez-L\u00f3pez FR. Sunlight, the vitamin D endocrine system, and their relationships with gynaecologic cancer. Maturitas. 2008;59:101\u2013113.","journal-title":"Maturitas"},{"key":"16010007_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1340","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.168.12.1340","volume":"168","author":"H Dobnig","year":"2008","unstructured":"Dobnig H, Pilz S, Scharnagl H, et al. Independent association of low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin d and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin d levels with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Arch Intern Med. 2008;168:1340\u20131349.","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"16010007_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1080\/09513590601045629","volume":"23","author":"FR P\u00e9rez-L\u00f3pez","year":"2007","unstructured":"P\u00e9rez-L\u00f3pez FR. Vitamin D: the secosteroid hormone and human reproduction. Gynecol Endocrinol. 2007;23:13\u201324.","journal-title":"Gynecol Endocrinol"},{"key":"16010007_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Baeke F, van Etten E, Gysemans C, Overbergh L, Mathieu C. Vitamin D signaling in immune-mediated disorders: evolving insights and therapeutic opportunities. Mol Aspects Med. 2008 [Epub ahead of print].","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mam.2008.05.004"},{"key":"16010007_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2224","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.140.5.6691","volume":"140","author":"A Murayama","year":"1999","unstructured":"Murayama A, Takeyama K, Kitanaka S, et al. Positive and negative regulations of the renal 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 1alpha-hydroxylase gene by parathyroid hormone, calcitonin, and 1alpha,25(OH)2D3 in intact animals. Endocrinology. 1999;140:2224\u20132231.","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"16010007_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/135.2.310","volume":"135","author":"MS Calvo","year":"2005","unstructured":"Calvo MS, Whiting SJ, Barton CN. Vitamin D intake: a global perspective of current status. J Nutr. 2005;135:310\u2013316.","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"16010007_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-291X(89)92091-3","volume":"163","author":"M Calvo","year":"1989","unstructured":"Calvo M, Ena JM. Relations between vitamin D and fatty acid binding properties of vitamin D-binding protein. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1989;163:14\u201317.","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"16010007_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2007.02873.x","volume":"67","author":"MJ Bolland","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bolland MJ, Grey AB, Ames RW, et al. Age-, gender-, and weight-related effects on levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D are not mediated by vitamin D binding protein. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2007;67:259\u2013264.","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"16010007_CR18","first-page":"200","volume":"16","author":"R Bouillon","year":"1995","unstructured":"Bouillon R, Okamura WH, Norman AW. Structure-function relationships in the vitamin D endocrine system. Endocr Rev. 1995;16:200\u2013257.","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"key":"16010007_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9733","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1633774100","volume":"100","author":"KD Healy","year":"2003","unstructured":"Healy KD, Zella JB, Prahl JM, DeLuca HF. Regulation of the murine renal vitamin D receptor by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and calcium. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2003;100: 9733\u20139737.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"16010007_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-9861(02)00010-3","volume":"401","author":"MJ Beckman","year":"2002","unstructured":"Beckman MJ, DeLuca HF. Regulation of renal vitamin D receptor is an important determinant of 1alpha, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) levels in vivo. Arch Biochem Biophys. 2002;401:44\u201352.","journal-title":"Arch Biochem Biophys"},{"key":"16010007_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1164","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2005.01.017","volume":"41","author":"LC Lowe","year":"2005","unstructured":"Lowe LC, Guy M, Mansi JL, et al. Plasma 25-hydroxy vitamin D concentrations, vitamin D receptor genotype and breast cancer risk in a UK Caucasian population. Eur J Cancer. 2005;41:1164\u20131169.","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"key":"16010007_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/S0083-6729(08)61149-8","volume":"49","author":"TK Ross","year":"1994","unstructured":"Ross TK, Darwish HM, DeLuca HF. Molecular biology of vitamin D action. Vitam Horm. 1994;49:281\u2013326.","journal-title":"Vitam Horm"},{"key":"16010007_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1007\/s000110050360","volume":"47","author":"LL Issa","year":"1998","unstructured":"Issa LL, Leong GM, Eisman JA. Molecular mechanism of vitamin D receptor action. Inflamm Res. 1998;47:451\u2013475.","journal-title":"Inflamm Res"},{"key":"16010007_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1177\/1933719107304565","volume":"14","author":"A Agic","year":"2007","unstructured":"Agic A, Xu H, Altgassen C, et al. Relative expression of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 receptor, vitamin D 1 alpha-hydroxylase, vitamin D 24-hydroxylase, and vitamin D 25-hydroxylase in endometriosis and gynecologic cancers. Reprod Sci. 2007;14: 486\u2013497.","journal-title":"Reprod Sci"},{"key":"16010007_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.2000.00202.x","volume":"58","author":"T Monkawa","year":"2000","unstructured":"Monkawa T, Yoshida T, Hayashi M, Saruta T. Identification of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 1alpha-hydroxylase gene expression in macrophages. Kidney Int. 2000;58:559\u2013568.","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"16010007_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2006.08.034","volume":"349","author":"E Gottfried","year":"2006","unstructured":"Gottfried E, Rehli M, Hahn J, Holler E, Andreesen R, Kreutz M. Monocyte-derived cells express CYP27A1 and convert vitamin D3 into its active metabolite. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2006;349:209\u2013213.","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"16010007_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/136.4.887","volume":"136","author":"CM Kemmis","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kemmis CM, Salvador SM, Smith KM, Welsh J. Human mammary epithelial cells express CYP27B1 and are growth inhibited by 25-hydroxyvitamin D-3, the major circulating form of vitamin D-3. J Nutr. 2006;136:887\u2013892.","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"16010007_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.106.115451","volume":"320","author":"D Lechner","year":"2007","unstructured":"Lechner D, Manhardt T, Bajna E, Posner GH, Cross HS. A 24-phenylsulfone analog of vitamin D inhibits 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) degradation in vitamin D metabolism-competent cells. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2007;320:1119\u20131126.","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"16010007_CR29","unstructured":"Bouillon R, Carmeliet G, Verlinden L, et al. Vitamin D and human health: lessons from vitamin D receptor null mice. Endocr Rev. IN PRESS."},{"key":"16010007_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.4103\/0973-1482.38998","volume":"3","author":"MM Ali","year":"2007","unstructured":"Ali MM, Vaidya V. Vitamin D and cancer. J Cancer Res Ther. 2007;3:225\u2013230.","journal-title":"J Cancer Res Ther"},{"key":"16010007_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1207","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.10716","volume":"90","author":"BD Boyan","year":"2003","unstructured":"Boyan BD, Sylvia VL, McKinney N, Schwartz Z. Membrane actions of vitamin D metabolites 1alpha,25(OH)2D3 and 24R,25(OH)2D3 are retained in growth plate cartilage cells from vitamin D receptor knockout mice. J Cell Biochem. 2003;90:1207\u20131223.","journal-title":"J Cell Biochem"},{"key":"16010007_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2102","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.139.4.5892","volume":"139","author":"K Van Weelden","year":"1998","unstructured":"VanWeelden K, Flanagan L, Binderup L, Tenniswood M, Welsh J. Apoptotic regression of MCF-7 xenografts in nude mice treated with the vitamin D3 analogue, EB 1089. Endocrinology. 1998;139:2102\u20132110.","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"16010007_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2508","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.143.7.8887","volume":"143","author":"RJ Bernardi","year":"2002","unstructured":"Bernardi RJ, Johnson CS, Modzelewski RA, Trump DL. Antiproliferative effects of 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) and vitamin D analogs on tumor-derived endothelial cells. Endocrinology. 2002;143:2508\u20132514.","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"16010007_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.87.3.214","volume":"87","author":"DJ Mantell","year":"2000","unstructured":"Mantell DJ, Owens PE, Bundred NJ, Mawer EB, Canfield AE. 1Alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) inhibits angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Circ Res. 2000;87:214\u2013220.","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"16010007_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1721S","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/80.6.1721S","volume":"80","author":"J Welsh","year":"2004","unstructured":"Welsh J. Vitamin D and breast cancer: insights from animal models. Am J Clin Nutr. 2004;80:1721S\u20131724S.","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"16010007_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3579","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-04-2359","volume":"11","author":"K Townsend","year":"2005","unstructured":"Townsend K, Banwell CM, Guy M, et al. Autocrine metabolism of vitamin D in normal and malignant breast tissue. Clin Cancer Res. 2005;11:3579\u20133386.","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"16010007_CR37","first-page":"2755","volume":"26","author":"D Diesing","year":"2006","unstructured":"Diesing D, Cordes T, Fischer D, Diedrich K, Friedrich M. Vitamin D\u2014metabolism in the human breast cancer cell line MCF-7. Anticancer Res. 2006;26:2755\u20132759.","journal-title":"Anticancer Res"},{"key":"16010007_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1097\/00000441-193709000-00004","volume":"194","author":"S Peller","year":"1937","unstructured":"Peller S, Stephenson CS. Skin irritation and cancer in the United States navy. Am J Med Sci. 1937;194:326\u2013333.","journal-title":"Am J Med Sci"},{"key":"16010007_CR39","first-page":"191","volume":"1","author":"FL Apperly","year":"1941","unstructured":"Apperly FL. The relationship of solar radiation to cancer mortality in North America. Cancer Res. 1941;1:191\u2013195.","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"16010007_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-7435(90)90058-R","volume":"19","author":"FC Garland","year":"1990","unstructured":"Garland FC, Garland CF, Gorham ED, Young JF. Geographic variation in breast cancer mortality in the United States: a hypothesis involving exposure to solar radiation. Prev Med. 1990;19:614\u2013622.","journal-title":"Prev Med"},{"key":"16010007_CR41","first-page":"1307","volume":"10","author":"GG Schwartz","year":"1990","unstructured":"Schwartz GG, Hulka BS. Is vitamin D deficiency a risk factor for prostate cancer? Anticancer Res. 1990;10:1307\u20131311.","journal-title":"Anticancer Res"},{"key":"16010007_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1819","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/87.24.1819","volume":"87","author":"WJ Blot","year":"1995","unstructured":"Blot WJ, McLaughlin JK. Geographic patterns of breast cancer among American women. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1995;87:1819\u20131820.","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"16010007_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.59.4.257","volume":"59","author":"DM Freedman","year":"2002","unstructured":"Freedman DM, Dosemeci M, McGlynn K. Sunlight and mortality from breast, ovarian, colon, prostate, and non-melanoma skin cancer: a composite death certificate based case-control study. Occup Environ Med. 2002;59:257\u2013262.","journal-title":"Occup Environ Med"},{"key":"16010007_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1867","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.10427","volume":"94","author":"WB Grant","year":"2002","unstructured":"Grant WB. An estimate of premature cancer mortality in the U.S. due to inadequate doses of solar ultraviolet-B radiation. Cancer. 2002;94:1867\u20131875.","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"16010007_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-55580-0_27","volume":"164","author":"WB Grant","year":"2003","unstructured":"Grant WB. Ecologic studies of solar UV-B radiation and cancer mortality rates. Recent Results Cancer Res. 2003;164: 371\u2013377.","journal-title":"Recent Results Cancer Res"},{"key":"16010007_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1007\/s10552-004-1661-4","volume":"16","author":"E Giovannucci","year":"2005","unstructured":"Giovannucci E. The epidemiology of vitamin D and cancer incidence and mortality: a review (United States). Cancer Causes Control. 2005;16:83\u201395.","journal-title":"Cancer Causes Control"},{"key":"16010007_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1373","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/89.18.1373","volume":"89","author":"F Laden","year":"1997","unstructured":"Laden F, Spiegelman D, Neas LM, et al. Geographic variation in breast cancer incidence rates in a cohort of U.S. women. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1997;89:1373\u20131378.","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"16010007_CR48","first-page":"399","volume":"8","author":"EM John","year":"1999","unstructured":"John EM, Schwartz GG, Dreon DM, Koo J. Vitamin D and breast cancer risk: the NHANES I epidemiologic follow-up study, 1971\u20131975 to 1992. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 1999;8:399\u2013406.","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev"},{"key":"16010007_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-06-0865","volume":"16","author":"JA Knight","year":"2007","unstructured":"Knight JA, Lesosky M, Barnett H, Raboud JM, Vieth R. Vitamin D and reduced risk of breast cancer: a population-based case-control study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2007;16:422\u2013429.","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev"},{"key":"16010007_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1701","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2007.04.018","volume":"43","author":"P Tuohimaa","year":"2007","unstructured":"Tuohimaa P, Pukkala E, Sc\u00e9lo G, et al. Does solar exposure, as indicated by the non-melanoma skin cancers, protect from solid cancers: vitamin D as a possible explanation. Eur J Cancer. 2007;43:1701\u20131712.","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"key":"16010007_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2007.10.019","volume":"44","author":"TK Grimsrud","year":"2008","unstructured":"Grimsrud TK, Andersen A. Protective effect from solar exposure, risk of an ecological fallacy. Eur J Cancer. 2008;44:16\u201318.","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"key":"16010007_CR52","first-page":"2557","volume":"26","author":"SA Abedin","year":"2006","unstructured":"Abedin SA, Banwell CM, Colston KW, Carlberg C, Campbell MJ. Epigenetic corruption of VDR signalling in malignancy. Anticancer Res. 2006;26:2557\u20132566.","journal-title":"Anticancer Res"},{"key":"16010007_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1007\/s00280-005-0059-7","volume":"57","author":"MG Anderson","year":"2006","unstructured":"Anderson MG, Nakane M, Ruan X, Kroeger PE, Wu-Wong JR. Expression of VDR and CYP24A1 mRNA in human tumors. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2006;57:234\u2013240.","journal-title":"Cancer Chemother Pharmacol"},{"key":"16010007_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-37696-5_20","volume":"174","author":"WB Grant","year":"2007","unstructured":"Grant WB, Garland CF, Gorham ED. An estimate of cancer mortality rate reductions in Europe and the US with 1,000 IU of oral vitamin D per day. Recent Results Cancer Res. 2007;174:225\u2013234.","journal-title":"Recent Results Cancer Res"},{"key":"16010007_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-4741.2008.00571.x","volume":"14","author":"SB Mohr","year":"2008","unstructured":"Mohr SB, Garland CF, Gorham ED, Grant WB, Garland FC. Relationship between low ultraviolet B irradiance and higher breast cancer risk in 107 countries. Breast J. 2008;14:255\u2013260.","journal-title":"Breast J"},{"key":"16010007_CR56","first-page":"300","volume":"82","author":"A Simard","year":"1991","unstructured":"Simard A, Vobecky J, Vobecky JS. Vitamin D deficiency and cancer of the breast: an unprovocative ecological hypothesis. Can J Public Health. 1991;82:300\u2013303.","journal-title":"Can J Public Health"},{"key":"16010007_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1301","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/94.17.1301","volume":"94","author":"MH Shin","year":"2002","unstructured":"Shin MH, Holmes MD, Hankinson SE, Wu K, Colditz GA, Willett WC. Intake of dairy products, calcium, and vitamin d and risk of breast cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2002;94: 1301\u20131311.","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"16010007_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2898","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-05-0611","volume":"14","author":"ML McCullough","year":"2005","unstructured":"McCullough ML, Rodriguez C, Diver WR, et al. Dairy, calcium, and vitamin D intake and postmenopausal breast cancer risk in the Cancer Prevention Study II Nutrition Cohort. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2005;14:2898\u20132904.","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev"},{"key":"16010007_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1007\/s10552-007-9020-x","volume":"18","author":"K Robien","year":"2007","unstructured":"Robien K, Cutler GJ, Lazovich D. Vitamin D intake and breast cancer risk in postmenopausal women: the Iowa Women\u2019s Health Study. Cancer Causes Control. 2007;18: 775\u2013782.","journal-title":"Cancer Causes Control"},{"key":"16010007_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1050","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.167.10.1050","volume":"167","author":"J Lin","year":"2007","unstructured":"Lin J, Manson JE, Lee IM, Cook NR, Buring JE, Zhang SM. Intakes of calcium and vitamin D and breast cancer risk in women. Arch Intern Med. 2007;167:1050\u20131059.","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"16010007_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1080\/01635580701390223","volume":"59","author":"S Abbas","year":"2007","unstructured":"Abbas S, Linseisen J, Chang-Claude J. Dietary vitamin D and calcium intake and premenopausal breast cancer risk in a German case-control study. Nutr Cancer. 2007;59:54\u201361.","journal-title":"Nutr Cancer"},{"key":"16010007_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1586","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/85.6.1586","volume":"85","author":"JM Lappe","year":"2007","unstructured":"Lappe JM, Travers-Gustafson D, Davies KM, Recker RR, Heaney RP. Vitamin D and calcium supplementation reduces cancer risk: results of a randomized trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 2007;85:1586\u20131591.","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"16010007_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3051","DOI":"10.2174\/092986707782793943","volume":"14","author":"R Perez-Fernandez","year":"2007","unstructured":"Perez-Fernandez R, Seoane S, Garcia-Caballero T, Segura C, Macia M. Vitamin D, Pit-1, GH, and PRL: possible roles in breast cancer development. Curr Med Chem. 2007;14: 3051\u20133058.","journal-title":"Curr Med Chem"},{"key":"16010007_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2006.12.007","volume":"103","author":"CF Garland","year":"2007","unstructured":"Garland CF, Gorham ED, Mohr SB, et al. Vitamin D and prevention of breast cancer: pooled analysis. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2007;103:708\u2013711.","journal-title":"J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol"},{"key":"16010007_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/bgm240","volume":"29","author":"S Abbas","year":"2008","unstructured":"Abbas S, Linseisen J, Slanger T, et al. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and risk of post-menopausal breast cancer\u2014results of a large case-control study. Carcinogenesis. 2008;29:93\u201399.","journal-title":"Carcinogenesis"},{"key":"16010007_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1228","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-08-0002","volume":"17","author":"S Pilz","year":"2008","unstructured":"Pilz S, Dobnig H, Winklhofer-Roob B, et al. Low serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D predict fatal cancer in patients referred to coronary angiography. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2008;17:1228\u20131233.","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev"},{"key":"16010007_CR67","first-page":"118","volume":"82","author":"EB Mawer","year":"1997","unstructured":"Mawer EB, Walls J, Howell A, Davies M, Ratcliffe WA, Bundred NJ. Serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D may be related inversely to disease activity in breast cancer patients with bone metastases. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1997;82:118\u2013122.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"16010007_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1334","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.2006.042747","volume":"59","author":"C Palmieri","year":"2006","unstructured":"Palmieri C, MacGregor T, Girgis S, Vigushin D. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in early and advanced breast cancer. J Clin Pathol. 2006;59:1334\u20131336.","journal-title":"J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"16010007_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Goodwin PJ, Ennis M, Pritchard KI, Koo J, Hood N. Frequency of vitamin D (Vit D) deficiency at breast cancer (BC) diagnosis and association with risk of distant recurrence and death in a prospective cohort study of T1\u20133, N0\u20131, M0 BC. J Clin Oncol. 2008;26. Abstract 511.","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.2008.26.15_suppl.511"},{"key":"16010007_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"de Lyra EC, Katayama MH, Basso RA, et al. Ki67 tumor expression in breast cancer post-menopausal patients following calcitriol supplementation. J Clin Oncol. 2008;26. Abstract 14612.","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.2008.26.15_suppl.14612"},{"key":"16010007_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1991","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-04-0722","volume":"14","author":"ER Bertone-Johnson","year":"2005","unstructured":"Bertone-Johnson ER, Chen WY, Holick MF, et al. Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D and risk of breast cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2005;14: 1991\u20131997.","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev"},{"key":"16010007_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/90.6.461","volume":"90","author":"R Hiatt","year":"1998","unstructured":"Hiatt R, Krieger N, Lobaugh B, Drezner MK, Vogelman JH, Orentreich N. Prediagnostic serum vitamin D and breast cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1998;90:461\u2013463.","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"16010007_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1017\/S1368980099000385","volume":"2","author":"EC Janowsky","year":"1999","unstructured":"Janowsky EC, Lester GE, Weinberg CR, et al. Association between low levels of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D and breast cancer risk. Public Health Nutr. 1999;2:283\u2013291.","journal-title":"Public Health Nutr"},{"key":"16010007_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1594","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djm204","volume":"99","author":"DM Freedman","year":"2007","unstructured":"Freedman DM, Looker AC, Chang SC, Graubard BI. Prospective study of serum vitamin D and cancer mortality in the United States. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2007;99:1594\u20131602.","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"16010007_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"826","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djn041","volume":"100","author":"CF Garland","year":"2008","unstructured":"Garland CF, Gorham ED, Baggerly CA, Garland FC. Re: prospective study of Vitamin D and cancer mortality in the United States. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2008;100:826\u2013827.","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"16010007_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-07-2594","volume":"17","author":"DM Freedman","year":"2008","unstructured":"Freedman DM, Chang SC, Falk RT, et al. Serum levels of vitamin D metabolites and breast cancer risk in the prostate, lung, colorectal, and ovarian cancer screening trial. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2008;17:889\u2013894.","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev"},{"key":"16010007_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-0436.2006.00131.x","volume":"75","author":"N Pend\u00e1s-Franco","year":"2007","unstructured":"Pend\u00e1s-Franco N, Gonz\u00e1lez-Sancho JM, Su\u00e1rez Y, et al. Vitamin D regulates the phenotype of human breast cancer cells. Differentiation. 2007;75:193\u2013207.","journal-title":"Differentiation"},{"key":"16010007_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-77574-6_4","volume":"624","author":"AC Porojnicu","year":"2008","unstructured":"Porojnicu AC, Dahlback A, Moan J. Sun exposure and cancer survival in Norway: changes in the risk of death with season of diagnosis and latitude. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2008;624:43\u201354.","journal-title":"Adv Exp Med Biol"},{"key":"16010007_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)78933-9","volume":"351","author":"A Malabanan","year":"1998","unstructured":"Malabanan A, Veronikis IE, Holick MF. Redefining vitamin D insufficiency. Lancet. 1998;351:805\u2013806.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"16010007_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-005-1867-7","volume":"16","author":"B Dawson-Hughes","year":"2005","unstructured":"Dawson-Hughes B, Heaney RP, Holick MF, Lips P, Meunier PJ, Vieth R. Estimates of optimal vitamin D status. Osteoporos Int. 2005;16:713\u2013716.","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"16010007_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-121-3-865","volume":"121","author":"M Bhattacharjee","year":"1987","unstructured":"Bhattacharjee M, Wientroub S, Vonderhaar BK. Milk protein synthesis by mammary glands of vitamin D-deficient mice. Endocrinology. 1987;121:865\u2013874.","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"16010007_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-122-2-389","volume":"122","author":"G Mezzetti","year":"1998","unstructured":"Mezzetti G, Monti MG, Pernecco Casolo L, Piccinini G, Moruzzi MS. 1,25-Dihydroxycholecalciferol-dependent calcium uptake by mouse mammary gland in culture. Endocrinology. 1998;122:389\u2013394.","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"16010007_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1016\/S0955-2863(02)00183-3","volume":"13","author":"RG Mehta","year":"2002","unstructured":"Mehta RG, Mehta RR. Vitamin D and cancer. J Nutr Biochem. 2002;13:252\u2013264.","journal-title":"J Nutr Biochem"},{"key":"16010007_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4899-1789-8_11","volume":"30","author":"J Welsh","year":"1998","unstructured":"Welsh J, VanWeelden K, Flanagan L, Byrne I, Nolan E, Narvaez CJ. The role of vitamin D3 and anti-estrogens in modulating apoptosis of breast cancer cells and tumors. Subcell Biochem. 1998;30:245\u2013270.","journal-title":"Subcell Biochem"},{"key":"16010007_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5091","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1203888","volume":"19","author":"MJ Campbell","year":"2000","unstructured":"Campbell MJ, Gombart AF, Kwok SH, Park S, Koeffler HP. The anti-proliferative effects of 1alpha,25(OH)2D3 on breast and prostate cancer cells are associated with induction of BRCA1 gene expression. Oncogene. 2000;19: 5091\u20135097.","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"16010007_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1677\/jme.0.0200157","volume":"20","author":"KW Colston","year":"1998","unstructured":"Colston KW, Perks CM, Xie SP, Holly JM. Growth inhibition of both MCF-7 and Hs578T human breast cancer cell lines by vitamin D analogues is associated with increased expression of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3. J Mol Endocrinol. 1998;20:157\u2013162.","journal-title":"J Mol Endocrinol"},{"key":"16010007_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1717","DOI":"10.1016\/S0959-8049(99)00200-2","volume":"35","author":"SP Xie","year":"1999","unstructured":"Xie SP, Pirianov G, Colston KW. Vitamin D analogues suppress IGF-I signalling and promote apoptosis in breast cancer cells. Eur J Cancer. 1999;35:1717\u20131723.","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"key":"16010007_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-5793(02)03250-7","volume":"527","author":"JM Ricort","year":"2002","unstructured":"Ricort JM, Lombet A, Lassarre C, Binoux M. Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 increases intracellular calcium concentrations in MCF-7 breast carcinoma cells. FEBS Lett. 2002;527:293\u2013297.","journal-title":"FEBS Lett"},{"key":"16010007_CR89","first-page":"888","volume":"86","author":"D Zehnder","year":"2001","unstructured":"Zehnder D, Bland R, Williams MC, et al. Extrarenal expression of 25-hydroxyvitamin d(3)-1 alpha-hydroxylase. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2001;86:888\u2013894.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"16010007_CR90","first-page":"2615","volume":"26","author":"M Friedrich","year":"2006","unstructured":"Friedrich M, Diesing D, Cordes T, et al. Analysis of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3\u20131alpha-hydroxylase in normal and malignant breast tissue. Anticancer Res. 2006;26: 2615\u20132620.","journal-title":"Anticancer Res"},{"key":"16010007_CR91","first-page":"2573","volume":"26","author":"KW Colston","year":"2006","unstructured":"Colston KW, Lowe LC, Mansi JL, Campbell MJ. Vitamin D status and breast cancer risk. Anticancer Res. 2006;26: 2573\u20132580.","journal-title":"Anticancer Res"},{"key":"16010007_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1005772432465","volume":"42","author":"M Simboli-Campbell","year":"1997","unstructured":"Simboli-Campbell M, Narvaez CJ, van Weelden K, Tenniswood M, Welsh J. Comparative effects of 1,25(OH)2D3 and EB1089 on cell cycle kinetics and apoptosis in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 1997;42:31\u201341.","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res Treat"},{"key":"16010007_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"862","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/74.6.862","volume":"74","author":"R Veith","year":"2001","unstructured":"Veith R. Do we really need 100 mg vitamin D\/d, and is it safe for all of us? Am J Clin Nutr. 2001;74:862\u2013864.","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"16010007_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/85.3.649","volume":"85","author":"R Vieth","year":"2007","unstructured":"Vieth R, Bischoff-Ferrari H, Boucher BJ, et al. The urgent need to recommend an intake of vitamin D that is effective. Am J Clin Nutr. 2007;85:649\u2013650.","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"16010007_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S91","DOI":"10.1301\/nr.2007.aug.S91-S95","volume":"65","author":"CF Garland","year":"2007","unstructured":"Garland CF, Grant WB, Mohr SB, Gorham ED, Garland FC. What is the dose-response relationship between vitamin D and cancer risk? Nutr Rev. 2007;65:S91\u2013S95.","journal-title":"Nutr Rev"}],"container-title":["Reproductive Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1177\/1933719108327595.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1177\/1933719108327595\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1933719108327595","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1177\/1933719108327595.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,3]],"date-time":"2022-07-03T01:09:45Z","timestamp":1656810585000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1177\/1933719108327595"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,1]]},"references-count":95,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,1]]}},"alternative-id":["16010007"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1933719108327595","relation":{},"ISSN":["1933-7191","1933-7205"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1933-7191","type":"print"},{"value":"1933-7205","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"30 December 2009","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}