{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T03:53:44Z","timestamp":1778903624596,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,1]],"date-time":"2014-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1417392000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,1]],"date-time":"2014-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1417392000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Reprod. Sci."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,12]]},"DOI":"10.1177\/1933719114532840","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,1]],"date-time":"2014-05-01T10:51:08Z","timestamp":1398941468000},"page":"1518-1525","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Effect of a Low-Dose Contraceptive Patch on Efficacy, Bleeding Pattern, and Safety: A 1-Year, Multicenter, Open-Label, Uncontrolled Study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Inka","family":"Wiegratz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susana","family":"Bassol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Edith","family":"Weisberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Uwe","family":"Mellinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Merz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,30]]},"reference":[{"issue":"13","key":"21121518_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1610","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.291.13.1610","volume":"291","author":"HD Nelson","year":"2004","unstructured":"Nelson HD. Commonly used types of postmenopausal estrogen for treatment of hot flashes: scientific review. JAMA. 2004; 291(13):1610\u20131620.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"21121518_CR2","unstructured":"Janssen-Cilag. Evra\u00ae transdermal patch. Summary of Product Characteristics; 2012. http:\/\/www.medicines.org.uk\/emc\/medicine\/12124\/spc. Accessed April 17, 2014."},{"key":"21121518_CR3","unstructured":"Bayer. Apleek\u00ae. Summary of Product Characteristics. http:\/\/www.mhra.gov.uk\/home\/groups\/spcpil\/documents\/spcpil\/con1394776320327.pdf. Accessed April 17, 2014."},{"key":"21121518_CR4","unstructured":"UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs Population Division. World contraceptive use. http:\/\/www.un.org\/esa\/population\/publications\/contraceptive2011\/contraceptive2011.htm. Accessed April 17, 2014."},{"issue":"4","key":"21121518_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1080\/13625180400017776","volume":"9","author":"E Aubeny","year":"2004","unstructured":"Aubeny E, Buhler M, Colau JC, Vicaut E, Zadikian M, Childs M. The Coraliance study: non-compliant behavior. Results after a 6-month follow-up of patients on oral contraceptives. Eur J Contracept Reprod Health Care. 2004;9(4):267\u2013277.","journal-title":"Eur J Contracept Reprod Health Care"},{"issue":"6 pt 2","key":"21121518_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2114","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(90)90550-Q","volume":"163","author":"JW Goldzieher","year":"1990","unstructured":"Goldzieher JW, Brody SA. Pharmacokinetics of ethinyl estradiol and mestranol. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1990;163(6 pt 2): 2114\u20132119.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"1","key":"21121518_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1080\/13697130500148875","volume":"8","author":"H Kuhl","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kuhl H. Pharmacology of estrogens and progestogens: influence of different routes of administration. Climacteric. 2005;(8 suppl 1): 3\u201363.","journal-title":"Climacteric"},{"issue":"4","key":"21121518_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-7824(90)90050-6","volume":"42","author":"C Jung-Hoffmann","year":"1990","unstructured":"Jung-Hoffmann C, Kuhl H. Intra- and interindividual variations in contraceptive steroid levels during 12 treatment cycles: no relation to irregular bleedings. Contraception. 1990;42(4):423\u2013438.","journal-title":"Contraception"},{"issue":"2","key":"21121518_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2007.04.027","volume":"197","author":"RT Burkman","year":"2007","unstructured":"Burkman RT. Transdermal hormonal contraception: benefits and risks. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2007;197(2):134 e131\u2013e136.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"3","key":"21121518_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1080\/13625180400008940","volume":"9","author":"D Heger-Mahn","year":"2004","unstructured":"Heger-Mahn D, Warlimont C, Faustmann T, Gerlinger C, Klipping C. Combined ethinylestradiol\/gestodene contraceptive patch: two-center, open-label study of ovulation inhibition, acceptability and safety over two cycles in female volunteers. Eur J Contracept Reprod Health Care. 2004;9(3):173\u2013181.","journal-title":"Eur J Contracept Reprod Health Care"},{"issue":"4","key":"21121518_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2003.11.009","volume":"47","author":"HJ Coelingh Bennink","year":"2004","unstructured":"Coelingh Bennink HJ. Are all estrogens the same? Maturitas. 2004;47(4):269\u2013275.","journal-title":"Maturitas"},{"issue":"1","key":"21121518_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2005.06.057","volume":"73","author":"IC Barbosa","year":"2006","unstructured":"Barbosa IC, Filho CI, Faggion D Jr, Baracat EC. Prospective, open-label, noncomparative study to assess cycle control, safety and acceptability of a new oral contraceptive containing gestodene 60 microg and ethinylestradiol 15 microg (Minesse). Contraception. 2006;73(1):30\u201333.","journal-title":"Contraception"},{"issue":"7-8","key":"21121518_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"736","DOI":"10.1177\/106002809502907-817","volume":"29","author":"B Kaplan","year":"1995","unstructured":"Kaplan B. Desogestrel, norgestimate, and gestodene: the newer progestins. Ann Pharmacother. 1995;29(7\u20138):736\u2013742.","journal-title":"Ann Pharmacother"},{"issue":"2","key":"21121518_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-199550020-00010","volume":"50","author":"MI Wilde","year":"1995","unstructured":"Wilde MI, Balfour JA. Gestodene. A review of its pharmacology, efficacy and tolerability in combined contraceptive preparations. Drugs. 1995;50(2):364\u2013395.","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"issue":"3","key":"21121518_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1080\/13625180400007736","volume":"9","author":"G Benagiano","year":"2004","unstructured":"Benagiano G, Primiero FM, Farris M. Clinical profile of contraceptive progestins. Eur J Contracept Reprod Health Care. 2004;9(3):182\u2013193.","journal-title":"Eur J Contracept Reprod Health Care"},{"issue":"S1","key":"21121518_CR16","first-page":"S98","volume":"17","author":"F Beligotti","year":"2012","unstructured":"Beligotti F, Gordon K. Findings from the International \u2018I plan on . . . survey\u2019: women\u2019s awareness, misconceptions, and preferences regarding their contraceptive options. Eur J Contracept Reprod Health Care. 2012;17(S1):S98.","journal-title":"Eur J Contracept Reprod Health Care"},{"issue":"4","key":"21121518_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1783\/147118908786000497","volume":"34","author":"A Glasier","year":"2008","unstructured":"Glasier A, Scorer J, Bigrigg A. Attitudes of women in Scotland to contraception: a qualitative study to explore the acceptability of long-acting methods. J Fam Plann Reprod Health Care. 2008; 34(4):213\u2013217.","journal-title":"J Fam Plann Reprod Health Care"},{"issue":"10","key":"21121518_CR18","first-page":"2073","volume":"65","author":"S Schrager","year":"2002","unstructured":"Schrager S. Abnormal uterine bleeding associated with hormonal contraception. Am Fam Physician. 2002;65(10):2073\u20132080.","journal-title":"Am Fam Physician"},{"issue":"10","key":"21121518_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.3109\/09513590.2010.538095","volume":"27","author":"AJ Jakimiuk","year":"2011","unstructured":"Jakimiuk AJ, Crosignani PG, Chernev T, et al. High levels of women\u2019s satisfaction and compliance with transdermal contraception: results from a European multinational, 6-month study. Gynecol Endocrinol. 2011;27(10):849\u2013856.","journal-title":"Gynecol Endocrinol"},{"issue":"2","key":"21121518_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1517\/14656566.2014.862234","volume":"15","author":"E Weisberg","year":"2014","unstructured":"Weisberg E. Developments in contraception. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2014;15(2):203\u2013210.","journal-title":"Expert Opin Pharmacother"},{"issue":"12","key":"21121518_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1192","DOI":"10.1016\/S1701-2163(16)34746-6","volume":"32","author":"R Reid","year":"2010","unstructured":"Reid R, Leyland N, Wolfman W, et al. SOGC clinical practice guidelines: oral contraceptives and the risk of venous thromboembolism: an update. J Obstet Gynaecol Can. 2010;32(12):1192\u20131204.","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol Can"},{"issue":"8935","key":"21121518_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1453","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(94)90286-0","volume":"344","author":"JP Vandenbroucke","year":"1994","unstructured":"Vandenbroucke JP, Koster T, Briet E, Reitsma PH, Bertina RM, Rosendaal FR. Increased risk of venous thrombosis in oral contraceptive users who are carriers of factor V Leiden mutation. Lancet. 1994;344(8935):1453\u20131457.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"3","key":"21121518_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1136\/jfprhc-2013-100624","volume":"39","author":"J Bitzer","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bitzer J, Amy JJ, Beerthuizen R, et al. Statement on combined hormonal contraceptives containing third- or fourth-generation progestogens or cyproterone acetate, and the associated risk of thromboembolism. J Fam Plann Reprod Health Care. 2013; 39(3):156\u2013159.","journal-title":"J Fam Plann Reprod Health Care"},{"issue":"2 pt 1","key":"21121518_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000250968.82370.04","volume":"109","author":"JA Cole","year":"2007","unstructured":"Cole JA, Norman H, Doherty M, Walker AM. Venous thromboembolism, myocardial infarction, and stroke among transdermal contraceptive system users. Obstet Gynecol. 2007;109(2 pt 1):339\u2013346.","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"3","key":"21121518_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2006.01.001","volume":"73","author":"SS Jick","year":"2006","unstructured":"Jick SS, Kaye JA, Russmann S, Jick H. Risk of nonfatal venous thromboembolism in women using a contraceptive transdermal patch and oral contraceptives containing norgestimate and 35 microg of ethinyl estradiol. Contraception. 2006; 73(3):223\u2013228.","journal-title":"Contraception"},{"key":"21121518_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2990","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.e2990","volume":"344","author":"O Lidegaard","year":"2012","unstructured":"Lidegaard O, Nielsen LH, Skovlund CW, Lokkegaard E. Venous thrombosis in users of non-oral hormonal contraception: follow-up study, Denmark 2001-10. BMJ. 2012;344:e2990.","journal-title":"BMJ"}],"container-title":["Reproductive Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1177\/1933719114532840.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/1933719114532840","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1177\/1933719114532840\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1933719114532840","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1177\/1933719114532840.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,3]],"date-time":"2022-07-03T01:32:08Z","timestamp":1656811928000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1177\/1933719114532840"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,12]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,12]]}},"alternative-id":["21121518"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1933719114532840","relation":{},"ISSN":["1933-7191","1933-7205"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1933-7191","type":"print"},{"value":"1933-7205","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"30 December 2014","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}