{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,28]],"date-time":"2026-03-28T19:16:53Z","timestamp":1774725413707,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,1]],"date-time":"2017-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1501545600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,1]],"date-time":"2017-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1501545600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Reprod. Sci."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,8]]},"DOI":"10.1177\/1933719116682875","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,28]],"date-time":"2017-01-28T03:38:09Z","timestamp":1485574689000},"page":"1214-1220","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Uterine and Abdominal Muscle Electromyographic Activities in Control and PCEA-Treated Nulliparous Women During the Second Stage of Labor"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Xueya","family":"Qian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shao-Qing","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert E.","family":"Garfield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huishu","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"24081214_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1097\/GRF.0000000000000113","volume":"58","author":"YW Cheng","year":"2015","unstructured":"Cheng YW, Caughey AB. Second stage of labor. Clin Obstet Gynecol. 2015;58(2):227\u2013240.","journal-title":"Clin Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"1","key":"24081214_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7292(02)00007-3","volume":"77","author":"U Feinstein","year":"2002","unstructured":"Feinstein U, Sheiner E, Levy A, Hallak M, Mazor M. Risk factors for arrest of descent during the second stage of labor. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2002;77(1):7\u201314.","journal-title":"Int J Gynaecol Obstet"},{"issue":"3","key":"24081214_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(98)70431-4","volume":"178","author":"JM Alexander","year":"1998","unstructured":"Alexander JM, Lucas MJ, Ramin SM, McIntire DD, Leveno KJ. The course of labor with and without epidural analgesia. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1998;178(3):516\u2013520.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"4","key":"24081214_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(93)90015-B","volume":"169","author":"JA Thorp","year":"1993","unstructured":"Thorp JA, Hu DH, Albin RM, et al. The effect of intrapartum epidural analgesia on nulliparous labor: a randomized, controlled, prospective trial. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1993;169(4):851\u2013858.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"5pt1","key":"24081214_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"974","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000158861.43593.49","volume":"105","author":"E Lieberman","year":"2005","unstructured":"Lieberman E, Davidson K, Lee-Parritz A, Shearer E. Changes in fetal position during labor and their association with epidural analgesia. Obstet Gynecol. 2005;105(5 pt 1):974\u2013982.","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"1","key":"24081214_CR6","first-page":"109","volume":"102","author":"BA Plunkett","year":"2003","unstructured":"Plunkett BA, Lin A, Wong CA, Grobman WA, Peaceman AM. Management of the second stage of labor in nulliparas with continuous epidural analgesia. Obstet Gynecol. 2003;102(1):109\u2013114.","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"4","key":"24081214_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1952.sp004764","volume":"117","author":"AL Hodgkin","year":"1952","unstructured":"Hodgkin AL, Huxley AF. A quantitative description of membrane current and its application to conduction and excitation in nerve. J Physiol. 1952;117(4):500\u2013544.","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"24081214_CR8","first-page":"121","volume":"6","author":"SL Weinberg","year":"1975","unstructured":"Weinberg SL. Ambulatory monitoring of arrhythmias. Cardiovasc Clin. 1975;6(3):121\u2013132.","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Clin"},{"issue":"4","key":"24081214_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1111\/anec.12067","volume":"18","author":"AR Perez-Riera","year":"2013","unstructured":"Perez-Riera AR, de Lucca AA, Barbosa-Barros R, et al. Value of electro-vectorcardiogram in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol. 2013;18(4):311\u2013326.","journal-title":"Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol"},{"key":"24081214_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1982.sp014201","volume":"326","author":"KR Mills","year":"1982","unstructured":"Mills KR. Power spectral analysis of electromyogram and compound muscle action potential during muscle fatigue and recovery. J Physiol. 1982;326:401\u2013409.","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"24081214_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/80.6.564","volume":"80","author":"FJ Vera-Garcia","year":"2000","unstructured":"Vera-Garcia FJ, Grenier SG, McGill SM. Abdominal muscle response during curl-ups on both stable and labile surfaces. Physical Ther. 2000;80(6):564\u2013569.","journal-title":"Physical Ther"},{"issue":"7","key":"24081214_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmpt.2014.05.006","volume":"37","author":"MA Mohseni Bandpei","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mohseni Bandpei MA, Rahmani N, Majdoleslam B, Abdollahi I, Ali SS, Ahmad A. Reliability of surface electromyography in the assessment of paraspinal muscle fatigue: an updated systematic review. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 2014;37(7):510\u2013521.","journal-title":"J Manipulative Physiol Ther"},{"issue":"4","key":"24081214_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00668252","volume":"208","author":"G Wolfs","year":"1970","unstructured":"Wolfs G, Rottinghuis H. Electrical and mechanical activity of the human uterus during labour. Arch Gynakol. 1970;208(4):373\u2013385.","journal-title":"Arch Gynakol"},{"issue":"2","key":"24081214_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1111\/apha.12424","volume":"213","author":"C Rabotti","year":"2015","unstructured":"Rabotti C, Mischi M. Propagation of electrical activity in uterine muscle during pregnancy: a review. Acta Physiol (Oxf). 2015;213(2):406\u2013416.","journal-title":"Acta Physiol (Oxf)"},{"issue":"3","key":"24081214_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1007\/s10439-006-9248-8","volume":"35","author":"WL Maner","year":"2007","unstructured":"Maner WL, Garfield RE. Identification of human term and pre-term labor using artificial neural networks on uterine electromyo-graphy data. Ann Biomed Eng. 2007;35(3):465\u2013473.","journal-title":"Ann Biomed Eng"},{"issue":"suppl1","key":"24081214_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2005.00596.x","volume":"112","author":"RE Garfield","year":"2005","unstructured":"Garfield RE, Maner WL, Maul H, Saade GR. Use of uterine EMG and cervical LIF in monitoring pregnant patients. BJOG. 2005; 112(suppl 1):103\u2013108.","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"issue":"1","key":"24081214_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2005.01.050","volume":"193","author":"RE Garfield","year":"2005","unstructured":"Garfield RE, Maner WL, MacKay LB, Schlembach D, Saade GR. Comparing uterine electromyography activity of antepartum patients versus term labor patients. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2005;193(1):23\u201329.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"2","key":"24081214_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1111\/aogs.12818","volume":"95","author":"AT Bregar","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bregar AT, Lucovnik M, Verdenik I, Jager F, Gersak K, Garfield RE. Uterine electromyography during active phase compared to latent phase of labor at term. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2016;95(2):197\u2013202.","journal-title":"Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"},{"issue":"6","key":"24081214_CR19","first-page":"1254","volume":"101","author":"WL Maner","year":"2003","unstructured":"Maner WL, Garfield RE, Maul H, Olson G, Saade G. Predicting term and preterm delivery with transabdominal uterine electro-myography. Obstet Gynecol. 2003;101(6):1254\u20131260.","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"6","key":"24081214_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1598","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2004.03.063","volume":"190","author":"H Eswaran","year":"2004","unstructured":"Eswaran H, Preissl H, Wilson JD, Murphy P, Lowery CL. Prediction of labor in term and preterm pregnancies using non-invasive magnetomyographic recordings of uterine contractions. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2004;190(6):1598\u20131602; discussion 602-603.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"3","key":"24081214_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.09.024","volume":"204","author":"M Lucovnik","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lucovnik M, Maner WL, Chambliss LR, et al. Noninvasive uterine electromyography for prediction of preterm delivery. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2011;204(3):228.e1\u2013228.e10.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"18","key":"24081214_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2897","DOI":"10.3109\/14767058.2015.1110571","volume":"29","author":"A Aviram","year":"2016","unstructured":"Aviram A, Hiersch L, Ashwal E, Yogev Y, Hadar E. The association between myometrial electrical activity and time to delivery in threatened preterm labor. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2016;29(18):2897\u20132903.","journal-title":"J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"24081214_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2013.05.053","volume":"209","author":"E Hadar","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hadar E, Melamed N, Aviram A, et al. Effect of an oxytocin receptor antagonist (atosiban) on uterine electrical activity. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2013;209(4):384.e1\u2013384.e7.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"1","key":"24081214_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2008.09.008","volume":"200","author":"TY Euliano","year":"2009","unstructured":"Euliano TY, Marossero D, Nguyen MT, Euliano NR, Principe J, Edwards RK. Spatiotemporal electrohysterography patterns in normal and arrested labor. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2009;200(1): 54.e1\u201354.e7.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"1","key":"24081214_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2008.09.007","volume":"200","author":"CS Buhimschi","year":"2009","unstructured":"Buhimschi CS. Spatiotemporal electromyography during human labor to monitor propagation of the uterine contraction wave and diagnose dystocia. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2009;200(1):1\u20133.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"3","key":"24081214_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2013.05.056","volume":"209","author":"B Vasak","year":"2013","unstructured":"Vasak B, Graatsma EM, Hekman-Drost E, et al. Uterine electro-myography for identification of first-stage labor arrest in term nulliparous women with spontaneous onset of labor. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2013;209(3):232.e1\u2013e8.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"5","key":"24081214_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.3109\/14767058.2014.927431","volume":"28","author":"L Hiersch","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hiersch L, Rosen H, Salzer L, Aviram A, Ben-Haroush A, Yogev Y. Does artificial rupturing of membranes in the active phase of labor enhance myometrial electrical activity? J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2015;28(5):515\u2013518.","journal-title":"J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"24081214_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1350","DOI":"10.1177\/1933719115578926","volume":"22","author":"Y Ye","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ye Y, Song X, Liu L, et al. Effects of patient-controlled epidural analgesia on uterine electromyography during spontaneous onset of labor in term nulliparous women. Reprod Sci. 2015;22(11):1350\u20131357.","journal-title":"Reprod Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"24081214_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1177\/1933719116658704","volume":"24","author":"XY Qian","year":"2017","unstructured":"Qian XY, Li P, Shi SQ, et al. Simultaneous recording and analysis of uterine and abdominal muscle electromyographic activity in nulliparous women during labor. Reprod Sci. 2017;24(3):471\u2013477.","journal-title":"Reprod Sci"},{"key":"24081214_CR30","first-page":"CD000331","volume":"12","author":"M Anim-Somuah","year":"2011","unstructured":"Anim-Somuah M, Smyth RM, Jones L. Epidural versus non-epidural or no analgesia in labour. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2011;(12):CD000331.","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"24081214_CR31","first-page":"146","volume":"27","author":"S Anwar","year":"2015","unstructured":"Anwar S, Anwar MW, Ahmad S. Effect of epidural analgesia on labor and its outcomes. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad. 2015;27(1):146\u2013150.","journal-title":"J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad"},{"issue":"5supplnature","key":"24081214_CR32","first-page":"S69","volume":"186","author":"BL Leighton","year":"2002","unstructured":"Leighton BL, Halpern SH. The effects of epidural analgesia on labor, maternal, and neonatal outcomes: a systematic review. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2002;186(5 suppl nature):S69\u2013S77.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"6","key":"24081214_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-6576.1979.tb01482.x","volume":"23","author":"G Willdeck-Lund","year":"1979","unstructured":"Willdeck-Lund G, Lindmark G, Nilsson BA. Effect of segmental epidural analgesia upon the uterine activity with special reference to the use of different local anaesthetic agents. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 1979;23(6):519\u2013528.","journal-title":"Acta Anaesthesiol Scand"},{"issue":"1","key":"24081214_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-199807000-00017","volume":"89","author":"YK Shin","year":"1998","unstructured":"Shin YK, Kim YD, Collea JV. The effect of propofol on isolated human pregnant uterine muscle. Anesthesiology. 1998;89(1):105\u2013109.","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"issue":"9","key":"24081214_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1631\/jzus.2006.B0757","volume":"7","author":"ZG Li","year":"2006","unstructured":"Li ZG, Zhou L, Tang HF. Effects of levobupivacaine and bupivacaine on rat myometrium. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B. 2006;7(9): 757\u2013762.","journal-title":"J Zhejiang Univ Sci B"},{"issue":"4","key":"24081214_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1303","DOI":"10.1213\/ane.0b013e3181804245","volume":"107","author":"RA Fanning","year":"2008","unstructured":"Fanning RA, Campion DP, Collins CB, et al. A comparison of the inhibitory effects of bupivacaine and levobupivacaine on isolated human pregnant myometrium contractility. Anesth Analg. 2008;107(4):1303\u20131307.","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"issue":"4","key":"24081214_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200504000-00015","volume":"102","author":"W Zink","year":"2005","unstructured":"Zink W, Missler G, Sinner B, Martin E, Fink RH, Graf BM. Differential effects of bupivacaine and ropivacaine enantiomers on intracellular Ca2\u00fe regulation in murine skeletal muscle fibers. Anesthesiology. 2005;102(4):793\u2013798.","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"issue":"6","key":"24081214_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.2165\/00002018-200124060-00002","volume":"24","author":"KA Faccenda","year":"2001","unstructured":"Faccenda KA, Finucane BT. Complications of regional anaesthesia Incidence and prevention. Drug Saf. 2001;24(6):413\u2013442.","journal-title":"Drug Saf"},{"issue":"4","key":"24081214_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-6997(25)06931-5","volume":"24","author":"P Seeman","year":"1972","unstructured":"Seeman P. The membrane actions of anesthetics and tranquilizers. Pharmacol Rev. 1972;24(4):583\u2013655.","journal-title":"Pharmacol Rev"},{"issue":"5pt1","key":"24081214_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1016\/0029-7844(95)00046-T","volume":"85","author":"ER Newton","year":"1995","unstructured":"Newton ER, Schroeder BC, Knape KG, Bennett BL. Epidural analgesia and uterine function. Obstet Gynecol. 1995;85(5 pt 1): 749\u2013755.","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"1","key":"24081214_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/0028-2243(89)90090-7","volume":"30","author":"T Philipsen","year":"1989","unstructured":"Philipsen T, Jensen NH. Epidural block or parenteral pethidine as analgesic in labour: a randomized study concerning progress in labour and instrumental deliveries. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 1989;30(1):27\u201333.","journal-title":"Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol"},{"issue":"3","key":"24081214_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1097\/01.aco.0000169229.75938.c8","volume":"18","author":"S Halpern","year":"2005","unstructured":"Halpern S. Recent advances in patient-controlled epidural analgesia for labour. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol. 2005;18(3):247\u2013251.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Anaesthesiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"24081214_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"916","DOI":"10.1053\/apmr.2000.5577","volume":"81","author":"K Thomas","year":"2000","unstructured":"Thomas K, Lee RY. Fatigue of abdominal and paraspinal muscles during sustained loading of the trunk in the coronal plane. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2000;81(7):916\u2013920.","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"issue":"2","key":"24081214_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2004.07.351","volume":"86","author":"M Gayda","year":"2005","unstructured":"Gayda M, Merzouk A, Choquet D, Ahmaidi S. Assessment of skeletal muscle fatigue in men with coronary artery disease using surface electromyography during isometric contraction of quadriceps muscles. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2005;86(2):210\u2013215.","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"issue":"6pt1","key":"24081214_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1527","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(98)70019-5","volume":"179","author":"A Clark","year":"1998","unstructured":"Clark A, Carr D, Loyd G, Cook V, Spinnato J. The influence of epidural analgesia on cesarean delivery rates: a randomized, prospective clinical trial. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1998;179(6 pt 1): 1527\u20131533.","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"}],"container-title":["Reproductive Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1177\/1933719116682875.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/1933719116682875","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1177\/1933719116682875\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1933719116682875","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1177\/1933719116682875.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,14]],"date-time":"2025-06-14T21:02:21Z","timestamp":1749934941000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1177\/1933719116682875"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,8]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,8]]}},"alternative-id":["24081214"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1933719116682875","relation":{},"ISSN":["1933-7191","1933-7205"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1933-7191","type":"print"},{"value":"1933-7205","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1 August 2017","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}