{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T17:16:09Z","timestamp":1791825369139,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750118400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Neural tube defects are the second most common type of fetal malformation in humans. Encephalocele, a type of neural tube defect, can be defined as a sack-like protrusion of brain tissue herniating through an opening hole in the skull. Its prognosis depends on the location, size, the amount of brain tissue involved, and the presence of other intracranial anomalies. Exencephaly, another type of neural tube defect, is characterized by an incomplete covering of the skull, resulting in an exposed fetal brain. It is described in the literature as incompatible with extrauterine life and, in most cases, evolves into anencephaly before birth. We present the case of a newborn that was diagnosed at 13\u00a0weeks of gestational age with encephalocele, which later in pregnancy converted into exencephaly. The parents chose an approach of comfort\/palliative care; the child is still alive at 3\u00a0years of age. This case highlights how perinatal palliative care can help manage patients with neural tube defects and optimize family outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/19345798251351003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T00:23:19Z","timestamp":1750206199000},"page":"604-610","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Perinatal palliative care in an infant with exencephaly: Supporting life beyond 3\u00a0years of age"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-9658-5961","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"G.","family":"Bayo Var\u00e3o","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Hospital de Cascais Dr. Jos\u00e9 de Almeida, Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"Division of Neonatal and Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons and New York-Presbyterian Morgan Stanley Children\u2019s Hospital, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Parravicini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neonatal and Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons and New York-Presbyterian Morgan Stanley Children\u2019s Hospital, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Aziz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons and Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Brady","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neonatal and Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons and New York-Presbyterian Morgan Stanley Children\u2019s Hospital, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines10050965"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","volume-title":"Global report on birth defects: the hidden toll of dying and disabled children","author":"Christianson A","year":"2006","unstructured":"Christianson A, Howson CP, Modell B, March of Dimes. Global report on birth defects: the hidden toll of dying and disabled children. White Plains, NY: March of Dimes, 2006. https:\/\/www.prevencioncongenitas.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/Global-report-on-birth-defects-The-hidden-toll-of-dying-and-disabled-children-Full-report.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-023-05910-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.13548"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/med-2024-1061"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdr2.2301"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.2250"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2020.08.177"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2020.08.176"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-0004.1986.tb01904.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41436-019-0681-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.1970110404"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-nutr-043020-091647"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/87564793211066884"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3016.2003.00471.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/PED-07\/07\/022"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000314051"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","volume-title":"Encephalocele","author":"Fetal Medicine Foundation","year":"2025","unstructured":"Fetal Medicine Foundation. 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