{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T11:54:00Z","timestamp":1792151640543,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774828800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Thyroid dysfunction is common in preterm neonates due to immaturity of hypothalamic pituitary thyroid axis, increased demand and drug exposure. The dysfunctions seen in early days may get corrected later and may not require treatment. Guidelines recommend repeated screening for preterm. This study was planned to est\u00edmate the incidence of thyroid dysfunction requiring thyroxine replacement therapy within 40\u00a0weeks of corrected gestational age in preterm neonates \u226432\u00a0weeks.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methodology<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This prospective observational study included 421 preterm neonates born \u226432\u00a0weeks and admitted in the NICU of a Government Medical College in South India. Serial screening of serum free thyroxine and thyroid stimulating hormone (FT4 and TSH) was done at 72\u00a0h of life, followed by 2\u00a0weeks and then at 3\u20134\u00a0weeks postnatal age. Management was done for abnormal results.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among 376 babies who completed all three screenings, the incidence of thyroid dysfunction requiring thyroxine replacement therapy was 4% (95% CI 2.2\u20136.5%, (n = 15)). Majority (2.65%, n = 10) had persistent hypothyroxinemia suggestive of possible central hypothyroidism followed by congenital hypothyroidism with delayed TSH elevation (1.06%, n = 4) and congenital primary hypothyroidism (0.26% n = 1). Extremely low birth weight (ELBW) and necrotizing enterocolitis \u2265 stage 2 (NEC) were the independent predictors significantly associated with thyroid dysfunction requiring thyroxine replacement therapy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The occurrence of thyroid dysfunction necessitating treatment in preterms was higher than general population. Repeating the abnormal tests and rescreening preterm neonates at least till 3\u20134\u00a0weeks postnatal age is required for avoiding unnecessary treatment and to pick up late presentation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/19345798261438005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T15:53:25Z","timestamp":1774886005000},"page":"622-632","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["\u201cUnveiling thyroid dysfunction in preterm neonates\u201d: A prospective observational study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-3109-7163","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Binsi","family":"Charulatha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Government Medical College"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-6313-5874","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Meghna","family":"Nema","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Government Medical College"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2125-8169","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aswathy","family":"Rahul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Government Medical College"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0785-416X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Irfan Bashir","family":"Bhat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Government Medical College"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Radhika","family":"Sujatha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Government Medical College"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sobhakumar","family":"SaraswathyAmma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Government Medical College"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_7_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.87.4.8434"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2008.09.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(78)80379-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10545-010-9062-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2022-060419"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12098-017-2576-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_8_2","volume-title":"Thyroid physiology and screening in preterm infants","author":"Connelly K","year":"2023","unstructured":"Connelly K, LaFranchi S. Thyroid physiology and screening in preterm infants. UpToDate, 2023. https:\/\/www.uptodate.com"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12887-019-1792-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2004-0869"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3345\/kjp.2015.58.6.224"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4274\/jcrpe.galenos.2022.2022-2-1"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_3_7_13_2","first-page":"723","article-title":"Transient hypothyroxinemia of prematurity and its risk factors in an extramural neonatal intensive care unit","volume":"65","author":"Rai R","year":"2021","unstructured":"Rai R, Singh DK, Bhakhri BK. Transient hypothyroxinemia of prematurity and its risk factors in an extramural neonatal intensive care unit. 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