{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T13:04:10Z","timestamp":1785503050214,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785283200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785283200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Necrotizing Enterocolitis (NEC) is multifactorial, and the gut microbiome may contribute. Neonatal gut colonization differs by delivery mode; while delivery mode has not been linked to NEC in prior studies, the impact of labor prior to delivery is unknown. Our objective was to investigate the impact of labor prior to delivery on NEC incidence in very low birth weight (VLBW, &lt;1500\u00a0g) infants.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We performed a single-center retrospective cohort study of VLBW infants 23 0\/7\u201334 6\/7\u00a0weeks gestation born at our center between 03\/25\/2012 and 12\/31\/2023. Infants with congenital anomalies or who died prior to admission were excluded. Labor was defined as uterine contractions with cervical dilation or effacement. When cervical exam was undocumented, labor was determined by presence of regular contractions &gt;1\u00a0h before delivery. Multivariable logistic regression evaluated the association between labor before delivery and NEC after adjusting for baseline differences.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Among 1,951 infants, 1,175 (60.2%) were exposed to labor before delivery. Groups differed by gestational age, birth weight, chorioamnionitis, maternal diabetes, multiple gestation, and small for gestational age. Exposure to labor had lower odds of NEC (odds ratio [OR] = 0.606, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.407\u20130.902,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.01), compared to those unexposed. This association remained significant after adjustment (adjusted OR = 0.614, 95% CI: 0.384\u20130.983,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.04). There was no difference in surgical NEC.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Labor prior to delivery was associated with lower odds of NEC in this VLBW cohort, highlighting the potential importance of perinatal microbial exposures and suggesting new avenues for NEC risk stratification and prevention.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/19345798261475330","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T03:37:36Z","timestamp":1785382656000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Impact of labor before delivery on necrotizing enterocolitis in very low birth weight infants"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-0051-0975","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Neha","family":"Dhawan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Texas Children\u2019s Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Yasrebi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Texas Children\u2019s Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"Hagan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9577-3772","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maya I.","family":"Brasher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Texas Children\u2019s Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3447-527X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Monika S.","family":"Patil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Texas Children\u2019s Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/19490976.2023.2221470"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2020.02.046"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2009.02.013"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1005408"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jp.2011.65"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3345\/cep.2021.00955"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2005-2824"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1203\/01.pdr.0000191137.12774.b2"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2012-303249"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2015.05.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2005.05.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1002601107"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12223-024-01217-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/2049-2618-1-13"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2022.04.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14767058.2019.1702947"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(05)82418-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2016.04.058"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.4272"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.01.028"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.121189"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_2","volume-title":"Data definitions & infant data booklets","author":"Vermont Oxford Network","year":"2024","unstructured":"Vermont Oxford Network. Manual of operations: part 2. Data definitions & infant data booklets. Vermont Oxford Network, 2024."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000005447"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/pch\/pxx169"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkx088"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2011.02.035"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41390-025-03928-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2011.05.033"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41390-019-0300-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2022.1102884"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2018.01.056"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2021.07.013"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2025.1671581"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2020.08.047"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_3_4_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2025.09.001","article-title":"The impact of maternal microbial transfer on the infant gut microbiome after cesarean delivery: a systematic review","volume":"233","author":"Jurgiel J","year":"2026","unstructured":"Jurgiel J, Gromowski T, Krol J, et al. The impact of maternal microbial transfer on the infant gut microbiome after cesarean delivery: a systematic review. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2026; 233(6S): S541 e1-S e16. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajog.2025.09.001","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medj.2021.05.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mbio.00491-23"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2022.100793"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/19345798261475330","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/19345798261475330","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/19345798261475330","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T12:17:28Z","timestamp":1785500248000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/19345798261475330"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]]},"references-count":38,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/19345798261475330"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/19345798261475330","relation":{},"ISSN":["1934-5798","1878-4429"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1934-5798","type":"print"},{"value":"1878-4429","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]]},"article-number":"19345798261475330"}}