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The structural and functional stability of the TM largely depends on the regulation of TM cells. Mitochondria, as the cellular energy and metabolic hub, play a crucial role in maintaining energy supply, extracellular matrix homeostasis, and cell survival in TM cells. Recent studies have demonstrated that mitochondrial homeostasis imbalance is a key factor in TM cell damage and functional decline, yet no comprehensive review has been published in this field. Therefore, this review comprehensively summarizes the mechanisms of mitochondrial involvement in TM cell dysfunction for the first time. It covers mitochondrial metabolic imbalance, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dynamics disorder, autophagy abnormalities, and mitochondrial genetic and epigenetic regulation. This review aims to reveal the central role of mitochondria in the pathological changes of TM cells and provide new insights and theoretical foundations for future research and intervention strategies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/19373368261485522","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T13:00:04Z","timestamp":1789045204000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Mitochondrial Homeostasis in Trabecular Meshwork Cells: A Potential Mechanism in Glaucoma"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"given":"Yuqi","family":"Cao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of First Clinical Medical College, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China."},{"name":"Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongting","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of First Clinical Medical College, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China."},{"name":"Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chenhao","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of First Clinical Medical College, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China."},{"name":"Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiadi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Hospital Affiliated to Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yue","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Hospital Affiliated to Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-2164-0939","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jing","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China."},{"name":"The First Hospital Affiliated to Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-018-0126-8"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_2_3_1","first-page":"1201","article-title":"Mutual regulation of the Hippo\/Wnt\/LPA\/TGF-beta signaling pathways and their roles in glaucoma (Review)","volume":"41","author":"Wang X","year":"2018","unstructured":"2.Wang X, , Huai G, , Wang H, et al. 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