{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T20:36:03Z","timestamp":1792787763459,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768521600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"national institutes of health","award":["2P20GM113125"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2P20GM113125"]}]},{"name":"national institutes of health","award":["P20 GM139760"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P20 GM139760"]}]},{"name":"national institute of general medical sciences","award":["P20GM103446"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P20GM103446"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04q48ey07","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Tissue Engineering Part C: Methods"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Brain metastases of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) rapidly progress, causing severe neurological decline with a median survival of less than 6 months. This tragic disease is often difficult to identify with sufficient time for treatment and is exacerbated by a lack of effective pharmacological intervention. Replicating the biochemical and mechanical properties of the premetastatic niche\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    is a critical step in expediting the development of new therapeutics. However, a high-fidelity and reproducible model system is needed. To quantify the influence of a brain-mimetic microenvironment on brain metastatic TNBC, we encapsulated and cultured the TNBC cell line, MDA-MB-231 (P231), and its braintropic subline, MDA-MB-231-BrM2a-831 (BrM2a), in three premetastatic niches: a highly cell-adhesive and highly cell-degradable permissive niche, a highly adhesive but less degradable niche, and a nonadhesive but highly degradable niche. To mimic brain extracellular matrix, we functionalized the adhesive formulations with a brain-mimetic peptide cocktail and compared the cell responses to a \u201cgeneric\u201d RGDS-functionalization. This suite of conditions allowed us to investigate the influences of integrin-mediated adhesion, cell-mediated degradation, and cell type on the fate of P231s and BrM2as. Our data demonstrate that brain-mimetic adhesion has little to no impact on P231 phenotype, but the BrM2as display reduced viable cell density, reduced proliferation, and a higher proportion of both spherical clusters and spherical individual cells compared with the \u201cgeneric\u201d RGDS-functionalized niches. This suggests that brain-mimetic adhesion signaling encourages a rounded, less invasive phenotype in BrM2as. Modeling pathological processes usingadvanced, biomimetic\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    models that better replicate\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    cell phenotype have the potentialtoenhanceimprove the outcome of preclinical therapeutic testing.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/19373384251404201","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T08:17:56Z","timestamp":1768551476000},"page":"155-165","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Tissue-Engineered Brain-Mimetic Niches to Model Braintropic Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Metastasis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Sam","family":"Freeman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Slater","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","unstructured":"American Cancer Society. Breast Cancer Statistics. | How Common Is Breast Cancer? | American Cancer Society. 2025. Available from: https:\/\/www.cancer.org\/cancer\/types\/breast-cancer\/about\/how-common-is-breast-cancer.html [Last accessed: June30 2025]."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","unstructured":"American Cancer Society. Triple-Negative Breast Cancer | Details Diagnosis and Signs | American Cancer Society. 2025. Available from: https:\/\/www.cancer.org\/cancer\/types\/breast-cancer\/about\/types-of-breast-cancer\/triple-negative.html [Last accessed: June30 2025]."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41416-020-01175-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2017.0001"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/S00018-023-04944-Z"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/MAS.21792"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/CNE.23965"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.201901419"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10439-019-02405-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/S41568-025-00848-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1535-7163.MCT-21-0140"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsbiomaterials.0c01530"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D0BM01097A"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsabm.4c01386"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.a.37651"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.IJBIOMAC.2024.134493"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D4TB02002B"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ACSBIOMATERIALS.2C01252"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dib.2019.104128"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mex.2019.11.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsabm.0c00549"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2019.04.022"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adbi.202200012"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202002227"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ACSBIOMATERIALS.9B00519"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/NCB2767"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/IJMS19103028"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_29_2","volume-title":"Gradient and Dynamic Hydrogel Materials to Probe Dynamics in Cancer Stem Cell Phenotypes","author":"Lee J","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lee J, , Abdeen AA, , Li Y, et al. 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