{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T06:37:25Z","timestamp":1777876645224,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":86,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772236800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Tissue Engineering Part C: Methods"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Patients with breast or prostate cancer have a high chance of developing bone metastasis, which is associated with many skeletal-related events. The development of novel bone metastasis treatments is lagging behind due to the lack of reliable models. We aimed to develop a humanized bone metastasis model comprising vital human bone discs and human metastatic cancer cells (bone metastasis discs), which were subsequently cultured\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">ex vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    or subcutaneously implanted into nude mice.\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Ex vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    culture experiments confirmed that cells within the bone metastasis discs remained metabolically active, while the presence of metastatic cancer cells could be monitored using bioluminescence. Although histological analyses confirmed the presence of relevant bone cells in the human bone tissue, no apparent formation of metastatic lesions was detected over the 2-week\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">ex vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    culture period. In contrast, subcutaneously implanted bone metastasis discs demonstrated clear metastatic lesion formation, with osteolytic characteristics, that progressed from 3 to 6 weeks after implantation for both breast and prostate cancer bone metastasis discs. Histologically, healthy bone tissue with bone marrow compartments as well as anastomosis was observed. Cisplatin treatment of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">ex vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    cultured bone metastasis discs significantly decreased the bioluminescent signal from (prostate) cancer cells, while no effects of cisplatin treatment were observed for\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in\u00a0vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    implanted bone metastasis discs. Our data provide a proof of concept for an\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">ex vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    \/\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in\u00a0vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    bone metastasis model with vital human bone and human metastatic cancer cells but require further fine-tuning to improve robustness, relevance, and quantification methods. Future research could potentially use these models for the evaluation of novel bone metastasis treatments, accelerating their potential clinical application.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/19373384261422836","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T12:15:06Z","timestamp":1772280906000},"page":"121-137","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A Humanized Bone Metastasis Model:\n                    <i>Ex Vivo<\/i>\n                    and\n                    <i>In Vivo<\/i>\n                    Applications"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Ceri-Anne E.","family":"Suurmond","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dentistry \u2013 Regenerative Biomaterials, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Natasja W.M.","family":"van Dijk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dentistry \u2013 Dentistry Research Laboratory, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ren\u00e9","family":"van Rheden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dentistry \u2013 Dentistry Research Laboratory, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vincent M.J.I.","family":"Cuijpers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dentistry \u2013 Dentistry Research Laboratory, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ewald M.","family":"Bronkhorst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dentistry, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mani","family":"Diba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dentistry \u2013 Regenerative Biomaterials, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sander C.G.","family":"Leeuwenburgh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dentistry \u2013 Regenerative Biomaterials, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeroen J.J.P.","family":"van den Beucken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dentistry \u2013 Regenerative Biomaterials, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-020-00216-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00774-022-01382-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2017-016022"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13164229"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/curroncol28050290"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2020.589964"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.bioconjchem.8b00400"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","article-title":"A bifunctional MXene-modified scaffold for photothermal therapy and maxillofacial tissue regeneration","volume":"8","author":"Li F","year":"2021","unstructured":"Li F, , Yan Y, , Wang Y, et al. A bifunctional MXene-modified scaffold for photothermal therapy and maxillofacial tissue regeneration. Regenerative Biomaterials, 2021; 8(6).","journal-title":"Regenerative Biomaterials"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D0BM01785J"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mabi.201900047"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.1c10898"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2023.08.176"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-023-01940-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10637-015-0253-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2017.12.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/ol.2025.14967"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2023.1165380"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41585-018-0020-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12094-006-0177-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/bonekey.2015.59"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2021.121187"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4161\/cbt.6.8.4504"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10549-011-1496-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13058-019-1220-2"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","first-page":"2177","article-title":"Establishment of a novel species- and tissue-specific metastasis model of human prostate cancer in humanized non-obese diabetic\/severe combined immunodeficient mice engrafted with human adult lung and bone1","volume":"61","author":"Yonou H","year":"2001","unstructured":"Yonou H, , Yokose T, , Kamijo T, et al. Establishment of a novel species- and tissue-specific metastasis model of human prostate cancer in humanized non-obese diabetic\/severe combined immunodeficient mice engrafted with human adult lung and bone1. Cancer Res, 2001; 61(5):2177\u20132182.","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00029330-200810020-00006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.10349"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","first-page":"203","article-title":"Human tissue-specific microenvironment: An essential requirement for mouse models of breast cancer","volume":"24","author":"Xia T-S","year":"2010","unstructured":"Xia T-S, , Wang J, , Yin H, et al. Human tissue-specific microenvironment: An essential requirement for mouse models of breast cancer. Oncol Rep, 2010; 24(1):203\u2013211.","journal-title":"Oncol Rep"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10585-008-9144-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-04-0919"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.20592"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4161\/cbt.8.11.8343"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/94.1.17"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10585-015-9737-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11914-020-00649-5"},{"issue":"97","key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","first-page":"52656","article-title":"Methods for culturing human femur tissue explants to study breast cancer cell colonization of the metastatic niche","author":"Templeton ZS","year":"2015","unstructured":"Templeton ZS, , Bachmann MH, , Alluri RV, , Maloney WJ, , Contag CH, , King BL. Methods for culturing human femur tissue explants to study breast cancer cell colonization of the metastatic niche. J Vis Exp, 2015(97):52656.","journal-title":"J Vis Exp"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13058-017-0910-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.12763"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.25708"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10010172"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01623458"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10585-016-9798-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.04151206"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.47162\/RJME.61.4.26"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1011513223894"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cbf.1529"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/55\/17\/003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2016.07.079"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s18103249"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4161\/org.6.3.12041"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2010.06.055"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2407-14-609"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.1875"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jobcr.2023.06.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00418-008-0391-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2011.10.046"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bonr.2021.101074"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.a.2007.0051"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2023.116935"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.3618"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/IJPM.IJPM_1132_20"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cpr.13693"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm4.10345"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.9034"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2005.06.211"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_3_2_67_2","first-page":"408","article-title":"The influence of mechanical stimulation on osteocyte apoptosis and bone viability in human trabecular bone","volume":"6","author":"Mann V","year":"2006","unstructured":"Mann V, , Huber C, , Kogianni G, , Jones D, , Noble B. The influence of mechanical stimulation on osteocyte apoptosis and bone viability in human trabecular bone. J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact, 2006; 6(4):408\u2013417.","journal-title":"J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_68_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23137423"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22203\/eCM.v011a07"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2022.10.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_71_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers12082315"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_3_2_72_2","first-page":"1987","article-title":"Severe combined immunodeficient-hu model of human prostate cancer metastasis to human bone1","volume":"59","author":"Nemeth JA","year":"1999","unstructured":"Nemeth JA, , Harb JF, , Barroso UJr, , He Z, , Grignon DJ, , Cher ML. Severe combined immunodeficient-hu model of human prostate cancer metastasis to human bone1. Cancer Res, 1999; 59(8):1987\u20131993.","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_73_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V79.7.1704.1704"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_74_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.6b03835"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_75_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-04-1408"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_76_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s10020-021-00274-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_77_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000141961"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_78_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aao5726"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_79_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2014.01.062"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_80_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc867"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_81_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2010.07.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_82_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbo.2012.11.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_83_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10555-013-9437-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_84_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2017.00163"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_85_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.15.00920"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_86_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115783"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_87_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers12102727"}],"container-title":["Tissue Engineering Part C: Methods"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/19373384261422836","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/19373384261422836","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/19373384261422836","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T22:28:44Z","timestamp":1777588124000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/19373384261422836"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]]},"references-count":86,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/19373384261422836"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/19373384261422836","relation":{},"ISSN":["1937-3384","1937-3392"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1937-3384","type":"print"},{"value":"1937-3392","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]]}}}