{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T20:35:10Z","timestamp":1792787710625,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":85,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Cancer Center, University of Florida Health","award":["SR-FY22-04"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SR-FY22-04"]}]},{"name":"National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship Program","award":["1000308740"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1000308740"]}]},{"name":"Division of Chemical, Bioengineering, Environmental, and Transport Systems","award":["1845728"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1845728"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0471zv972","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Tissue Engineering Part C: Methods"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Three-dimensional (3D) culture systems have emerged as powerful tools to model tumor biology and bridge the gap between conventional two-dimensional (2D) assays and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in\u00a0vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    studies. Here, we evaluate a poly(ethylene glycol)-based hydrogel as a simplified yet functionally relevant platform for modeling premalignant lung adenocarcinoma using the A549 cell line. Cells cultured in hydrogels exhibited transcriptional profiles that more closely resembled xenograft tumors than conventional 2D monolayers. Pathway-level analysis and regression-based benchmarking revealed restoration of critical hallmark programs, including proliferation, immune signaling, developmental pathways, and stress response cascades. While the 3D model does not fully recapitulate the complexity of the tumor microenvironment, its chemically defined, tunable, and reproducible design offers an accessible, physiologically informative model of lung adenocarcinoma that restores key transcriptional and functional features lost in conventional culture systems.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/19373384261448311","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,23]],"date-time":"2026-05-23T11:59:36Z","timestamp":1779537576000},"page":"195-207","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["A Defined 3D Hydrogel Model Recapitulates Key Transcriptomic Features of Lung Adenocarcinoma"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5169-9200","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Suzanne","family":"Lightsey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heather R.","family":"Kates","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UF Health Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kalyanee","family":"Shirlekar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UF Health Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9800-9251","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jason O.","family":"Brant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UF Health Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA."},{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Blanka","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA."},{"name":"UF Health Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21871"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40425-018-0382-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)61502-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/era.13.47"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.6004\/jnccn.2022.0025"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmolb.2020.00033"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11003"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature17987"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2016.06.017"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11005"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physiol.00036.2016"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms222212200"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/adt.2014.573"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/2159-8290.CD-17-0935"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-13-1069"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0960-7404(96)80005-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth1085"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2024.1438067"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41578-020-0199-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_21_1","unstructured":"20.Tuning the Elastic Moduli of Corning\u00ae Matrigel\u00ae and Collagen I 3D Matrices by Varying the Protein Concentration. n.d. Available from: https:\/\/www.sigmaaldrich.com\/US\/en\/technical-documents\/protocol\/cell-culture-and-cell-culture-analysis\/3d-cell-culture\/elastic-moduli-tuning?srsltid=AfmBOorcSwNGTAcvBjSXUttKAojER_zzhTYLwI3zO-u4wK45tT3K9B2e [Last accessed: October24 2025]."},{"key":"e_1_3_5_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers14051225"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bit.22361"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/mp5000828"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-12-0895"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40425-019-0564-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsbiomaterials.0c00259"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsbiomaterials.7b00011"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2016.01.030"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.a.35899"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-7021-6_4"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/2025.04.21.649825"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.22636"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bprint.2022.e00243"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/bioengineering10060667"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2025.101602"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2022.02.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0045308"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.tea.2023.0149"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.6b08746"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0058897"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0142-9612(01)00051-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2005.03.018"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bc800441v"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1357-2725(96)00155-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.cellbio.12.1.697"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1521-3765(20010302)7:5<1095::AID-CHEM1095>3.0.CO;2-B"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.b.33088"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1748-605X\/aaab82"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/btm2.10104"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2009.09.025"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0142-9612(96)87644-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsif.2005.0065"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.progpolymsci.2020.101243"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btp616"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/gb-2014-15-2-r29"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkv007"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_58_1","unstructured":"57.Kolde R. pheatmap: Pretty Heatmaps 2025. Available from: https:\/\/github.com\/raivokolde\/pheatmap"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btr260"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/omi.2011.0118"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/060012"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_62_1","unstructured":"61.R Core Team. (2023. R A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing Vienna; References\u2014Scientific Research Publishing. Available from: https:\/\/www.scirp.org\/reference\/referencespapers?referenceid=3582659 [Last accessed: September7 2025]."},{"key":"e_1_3_5_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-022-03768-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.a.35655"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201204-0754OC"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cyto.a.22327"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2018.01.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp1600894"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_69_1","unstructured":"68.Cancer MoonshotSM\u2014NCI 2025. Available from: https:\/\/www.cancer.gov\/research\/progress\/moonshot-cancer-initiative [Last accessed: September7 2025]."},{"key":"e_1_3_5_70_1","unstructured":"69.NIH to prioritize human-based research technologies. National Institutes of Health; n.d. Available from: https:\/\/www.nih.gov\/news-events\/news-releases\/nih-prioritize-human-based-research-technologies [Last accessed: September7 2025]."},{"key":"e_1_3_5_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2022.02.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202302246"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201806899"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-03504-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100911"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.02.013"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41568-019-0143-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0068597"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2012.06.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1248\/bpb.b22-00772"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2004.08.040"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2020.07.022"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.188102"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djq279"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anbr.202000111"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2021.781828"}],"container-title":["Tissue Engineering Part C: Methods"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/19373384261448311","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/19373384261448311","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/19373384261448311","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/19373384261448311","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T05:18:24Z","timestamp":1791868704000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/19373384261448311"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]]},"references-count":85,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/19373384261448311"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/19373384261448311","relation":{},"ISSN":["1937-3384","1937-3392"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1937-3384","type":"print"},{"value":"1937-3392","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]]}}}