{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T06:04:37Z","timestamp":1790834677060,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,12]],"date-time":"2015-10-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1444608000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Foot &amp; Ankle Specialist"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Background<\/jats:italic>\n                    . This case series evaluated the clinical and functional outcomes of patients with lateral ankle instability treated with a primary modified Brostrom-Evans.\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Methods<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Nineteen patients who underwent the modified Brostrom-Evans procedure for lateral ankle instability with a minimum follow-up of 5 years were reviewed. Physical exams were performed and weight-bearing ankle radiographs taken at final follow-up. Clinical outcomes were evaluated using Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), Foot Function Index (FFI), and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores. Functional outcomes were assessed using a goniometer for ankle range of motion (ROM) and dynamometer for ankle strength compared to the non-operative extremity.\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Results<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Average age at time of surgery was 34 \u00b1 11 years (range 17-58 years) and average follow-up was 8.7 \u00b1 2.8 years (range 5.1-15.4 years). At final follow-up, average total SF-36 and FFI scores were 83 \u00b1 18 and 11% \u00b1 18%, respectively. Average VAS at rest was 1 \u00b1 1 and during activities 2 \u00b1 2. There were no significant differences in ankle eversion ROM or strength between operative and non-operative extremities. Ankle eversion strength in operative extremities was 91 \u00b1 12% of non-operative ankles. Ankle ROM was similar in all planes except for a 41% decrease in ankle inversion in surgically treated extremities compared to the contralateral side (p = .01).\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Conclusions<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Patients treated with the modified Brostrom-Evans procedure for lateral ankle ligament reconstruction have minimal loss of peroneal strength, decreased inversion ROM, and no recurrent instability or progressive symptomatic subtalar arthritis requiring re-operation at long-term follow-up.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Levels of Evidence:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Level IV: Retrospective case series\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1938640015609970","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,13]],"date-time":"2015-10-13T16:07:57Z","timestamp":1444752477000},"page":"131-139","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Intermediate and Long-Term Outcomes of the Modified Brostrom-Evans Procedure for Lateral Ankle Ligament Reconstruction"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Andrew R.","family":"Hsu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"OrthoCarolina Foot &amp; Ankle Institute, Charlotte, North Carolina (ARH, WHD, RBA)"},{"name":"Arkansas Specialty Orthopaedics, Little Rock, Arkansas (GTA)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G. Troy","family":"Ardoin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"OrthoCarolina Foot &amp; Ankle Institute, Charlotte, North Carolina (ARH, WHD, RBA)"},{"name":"Arkansas Specialty Orthopaedics, Little Rock, Arkansas (GTA)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W. Hodges","family":"Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"OrthoCarolina Foot &amp; Ankle Institute, Charlotte, North Carolina (ARH, WHD, RBA)"},{"name":"Arkansas Specialty Orthopaedics, Little Rock, Arkansas (GTA)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert B.","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"OrthoCarolina Foot &amp; Ankle Institute, Charlotte, North Carolina (ARH, WHD, RBA)"},{"name":"Arkansas Specialty Orthopaedics, Little Rock, Arkansas (GTA)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","first-page":"264","article-title":"Current concepts in the treatment of acute and chronic lateral ankle instability","volume":"2","author":"Hamilton WG","year":"1994","unstructured":"Hamilton WG. Current concepts in the treatment of acute and chronic lateral ankle instability. Sports Med Arth Rev. 1994;2:264-266.","journal-title":"Sports Med Arth Rev"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199173020-00021"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/107110078000100206"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","first-page":"537","article-title":"Sprained ankles: V. Treatment and prognosis in recent ligament ruptures","volume":"132","author":"Brostrom L","year":"1966","unstructured":"Brostrom L. Sprained ankles: V. Treatment and prognosis in recent ligament ruptures. Acta Chir Scand. 1966;132:537-550.","journal-title":"Acta Chir Scand"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546505282616"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/107110070502601005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3113\/FAI.2011.0153"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546512474967"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546514530668"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","first-page":"551","article-title":"Sprained ankles: VI. Surgical treatment of \u201cchronic\u201d ligament ruptures","volume":"132","author":"Brostrom L","year":"1966","unstructured":"Brostrom L. Sprained ankles: VI. Surgical treatment of \u201cchronic\u201d ligament ruptures. 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