{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T06:20:10Z","timestamp":1777616410953,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,13]],"date-time":"2018-03-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1520899200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Foot &amp; Ankle Specialist"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Heel ulcerations are a significant burden of care in both hospital and long-term care settings. The presence of peripheral arterial disease as a contributing factor to delayed healing is often not recognized, resulting in prolonged healing and high patient morbidity and mortality. Formal vascular evaluation and intervention is often not performed as these patients can have palpable pedal pulses while having localized ischemia of the heel. As routine noninvasive vascular studies can be affected by medial calcinosis and collateralization and do not specifically assess tissue perfusion to the heel, a false sense of security of adequate perfusion for healing can result. Indocyanine green fluorescence angiography (ICGFA) allows for real-time visualization and objective assessment of site specific tissue perfusion not limited by the factors that can make routine noninvasive vascular studies unreliable or unobtainable. A retrospective medical record review of a subset of patients with chronic heel ulceration from a prospective institutional review board\u2013approved study in which serial ICGFA was performed during their treatment course was performed. ICGFA was able to identify local heel ischemia and expedite vascular intervention. ICGFA should be considered as an additional vascular study in patients presenting with chronic, nonhealing heel ulcerations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Levels of Evidence: Level IV: Diagnostic, Case series<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1938640018762557","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,13]],"date-time":"2018-03-13T05:19:38Z","timestamp":1520918378000},"page":"269-276","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The Ability of Fluorescence Angiography to Detect Local Ischemia in Patients With Heel Ulceration"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Valerie S.","family":"Marmolejo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University Place, Washington (VSM)"},{"name":"Great River Wound and Hyperbaric Medicine Clinic, Great River Medical Center, West Burlington, Iowa (JFA)"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jonathan F.","family":"Arnold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Place, Washington (VSM)"},{"name":"Great River Wound and Hyperbaric Medicine Clinic, Great River Medical Center, West Burlington, Iowa (JFA)"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1938640018762557","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2013.09.004"},{"key":"bibr2-1938640018762557","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2013.05.079"},{"key":"bibr3-1938640018762557","first-page":"51","volume":"29","author":"Crowell A","year":"2017","journal-title":"Wounds"},{"key":"bibr4-1938640018762557","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1358863X14565372"},{"key":"bibr5-1938640018762557","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0003319709348295"},{"key":"bibr6-1938640018762557","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2015.07.019"},{"key":"bibr7-1938640018762557","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1553350615604053"},{"key":"bibr8-1938640018762557","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/iwj.12622"},{"key":"bibr9-1938640018762557","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-16527-7"},{"key":"bibr10-1938640018762557","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2016.07.084"},{"key":"bibr11-1938640018762557","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2016.01.039"},{"key":"bibr12-1938640018762557","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2014.03.024"},{"key":"bibr13-1938640018762557","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2013.12.036"},{"key":"bibr14-1938640018762557","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2013.07.016"},{"key":"bibr15-1938640018762557","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/CH-2011-1408"},{"key":"bibr16-1938640018762557","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/193229681200600125"},{"key":"bibr17-1938640018762557","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2007.09.001"},{"key":"bibr18-1938640018762557","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2013.02.011"},{"key":"bibr19-1938640018762557","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2012.10.113"},{"key":"bibr20-1938640018762557","first-page":"61","author":"Arnold JF","year":"2016","journal-title":"Surg Technol Int"},{"key":"bibr21-1938640018762557","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtv.2013.02.002"},{"key":"bibr22-1938640018762557","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SAP.0b013e3181851b55"},{"key":"bibr23-1938640018762557","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1534734613502043"},{"key":"bibr24-1938640018762557","volume-title":"Poster presented at: The American College of Foot and Ankle Surgeons, Annual Scientific Conference","author":"Wiest A","year":"2016"},{"key":"bibr25-1938640018762557","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2012.06.014"},{"key":"bibr26-1938640018762557","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00270-016-1434-y"},{"key":"bibr27-1938640018762557","volume-title":"Poster Presented at: Symposium on Advanced Wound Care","author":"Ikerd TR","year":"2016"}],"container-title":["Foot &amp; 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