{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T05:59:55Z","timestamp":1777615195108,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,26]],"date-time":"2019-11-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1574726400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Foot &amp; Ankle Specialist"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The American Medical Association (AMA) and National Institutes of Health (NIH) currently suggest that health care materials be written at a sixth-grade reading level. Our study investigates the readability of online information on Achilles rupture and reconstruction. Achilles tendon rupture, Achilles tendon repair, and Achilles tendon reconstruction were queried using advanced search functions of Google, Bing, and Yahoo!. Individual websites and text from the first 3 pages of results for each search engine were recorded and categorized as physician based, academic, commercial, government and nongovernmental organization, or unspecified. Individual readability scores were calculated via 6 different indices: Flesch-Kincaid grade level, Flesch Reading Ease, Gunning Fog, SMOG, Coleman-Liau index, and Automated Readability Index along with a readability classification score and average grade level. A total of 56 websites were assessed. Academic webpages composed the majority (51.8%), followed by physician-based sources (32.1%). The average overall grade level was 10.7 \u00b1 2.54. Academic websites were written at the highest-grade level (11.5 \u00b1 2.77), significantly higher than physician-based websites ( P = .040), and only 2 were written at, or below, a sixth-grade reading level. Currently, online information on Achilles tendon rupture and reconstruction is written at an inappropriately high reading level compared with recommendations from the AMA and NIH.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Level of Evidence: Level IV<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1938640019888058","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,27]],"date-time":"2019-11-27T01:48:36Z","timestamp":1574819316000},"page":"470-477","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Assessing the Readability of Online Information About Achilles Tendon Ruptures"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Olivia D.","family":"Perez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York (ODP, HWS, CLH, PCN, JTV)"},{"name":"Shoulder and Elbow Center, Sports Medicine Center, OrthoCarolina, Charlotte, North Carolina (DPT)"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3230-460X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hasani W.","family":"Swindell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York (ODP, HWS, CLH, PCN, JTV)"},{"name":"Shoulder and Elbow Center, Sports Medicine Center, OrthoCarolina, Charlotte, North Carolina (DPT)"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carl L.","family":"Herndon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York (ODP, HWS, CLH, PCN, JTV)"},{"name":"Shoulder and Elbow Center, Sports Medicine Center, OrthoCarolina, Charlotte, North Carolina (DPT)"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter C.","family":"Noback","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York (ODP, HWS, CLH, PCN, JTV)"},{"name":"Shoulder and Elbow Center, Sports Medicine Center, OrthoCarolina, Charlotte, North Carolina (DPT)"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David P.","family":"Trofa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York (ODP, HWS, CLH, PCN, JTV)"},{"name":"Shoulder and Elbow Center, Sports Medicine Center, OrthoCarolina, Charlotte, North Carolina (DPT)"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. Turner","family":"Vosseller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York (ODP, HWS, CLH, PCN, JTV)"},{"name":"Shoulder and Elbow Center, Sports Medicine Center, OrthoCarolina, Charlotte, North Carolina (DPT)"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1938640019888058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/2046-3758.710.BJR-2018-0004.R2"},{"key":"bibr2-1938640019888058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.12253"},{"key":"bibr3-1938640019888058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-015-3544-5"},{"key":"bibr4-1938640019888058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2017.04.007"},{"key":"bibr5-1938640019888058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.I.01401"},{"key":"bibr6-1938640019888058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.K.00917"},{"key":"bibr7-1938640019888058","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2013-092756"},{"key":"bibr8-1938640019888058","unstructured":"Fox S, Duggan M. 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