{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T03:42:46Z","timestamp":1788406966490,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,20]],"date-time":"2020-08-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1597881600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Foot &amp; Ankle Specialist"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Despite being first described in the 1800s, the Lisfranc injury remains one of the most controversial topics in foot and ankle surgery. From the basic anatomy of the ligament complex to the optimal diagnostic and management methods, new research both sharpens and yet confounds our understanding of this unique injury. This article reviews the literature from established and classic papers to recent studies evaluating newer techniques. We discuss the unique bony and ligamentous anatomy, which confer strength to the Lisfranc complex, the typical mechanisms of injury, the most common classification systems, the clinical presentation, current imaging modalities, and conservative and surgical treatment options. We review studies comparing open reduction and internal fixation with primary arthrodesis of acute injuries, in addition to studies evaluating the various methods for obtaining fixation, including intra-articular screws, dorsal plates, and flexible fixation. It is clear from this review that despite the vast number of studies in the literature, much is still to be learned about the diagnosis and management of this challenging injury.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Levels of Evidence:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Level V: Expert opinion\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1938640020950133","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,21]],"date-time":"2020-08-21T01:14:52Z","timestamp":1597972492000},"page":"458-467","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["The Lisfranc Injury: A Literature Review of Anatomy, Etiology, Evaluation, and Management"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9336-7877","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jie","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina (JC)"},{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas (JC, NS, VKP)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Navraj","family":"Sagoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina (JC)"},{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas (JC, NS, VKP)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2420-7316","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vinod Kumar","family":"Panchbhavi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina (JC)"},{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas (JC, NS, VKP)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-196300300-00014"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/2058-5241.4.180076"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/ajem.2001.19990"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1071100716675293"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","first-page":"118","article-title":"Lisfranc injury of the foot: a commonly missed diagnosis","volume":"58","author":"Burroughs KE","year":"1998","unstructured":"Burroughs KE, Reimer CD, Fields KB. 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