{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T00:42:58Z","timestamp":1778892178694,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,12]],"date-time":"2021-02-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1613088000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Foot &amp; Ankle Specialist"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Previous literature has demonstrated an association between acute opioid exposure and the risk of long-term opioid use. Here, the investigators assess immediate postoperative opioid consumption patterns as well as the incidence of prolonged opioid use among opioid-na\u00efve patients following ankle fracture surgery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Included patients underwent outpatient open reduction and internal fixation of an ankle or tibial plafond fracture over a 1-year period. At patients\u2019 first postoperative visit, opioid pills were counted and standardized to the equivalent number of 5-mg oxycodone pills. Prolonged use was defined as filling a prescription for a controlled substance more than 90 days after the index procedure, tracked by the New Jersey Prescription Drug Monitoring Program up to 1 year postoperatively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>At the first postoperative visit, 173 patients consumed a median of 24 out of 40 pills prescribed. The initial utilization rate was 60%, and 2736 pills were left unused. In all, 32 (18.7%) patients required a narcotic prescription 90 days after the index procedure. Patients with a self-reported history of depression (P = .11) or diabetes (P = .07) demonstrated marginal correlation with prolonged narcotic use.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our study demonstrated that, on average, patients utilize significantly fewer opioid pills than prescribed and that many patient demographics are not significant predictors of continued long-term use following outpatient ankle fracture surgery. Large variations in consumption rates make it difficult for physicians to accurately prescribe and predict prolonged narcotic use.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of Evidence:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Level III<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1938640021992922","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,13]],"date-time":"2021-02-13T07:36:09Z","timestamp":1613201769000},"page":"36-42","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Opioid Consumption Patterns and Prolonged Opioid Use Among Opioid-Na\u00efve Ankle Fracture Patients"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0973-3537","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hope","family":"Skibicki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Rowan University School of Osteopathic Medicine, Stratford, New Jersey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sundeep","family":"Saini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rowan University School of Osteopathic Medicine, Stratford, New Jersey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ryan","family":"Rogero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania"},{"name":"Rothman Orthopaedic Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kristen","family":"Nicholson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rothman Orthopaedic Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rachel J.","family":"Shakked","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rothman Orthopaedic Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Fuchs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rothman Orthopaedic Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brian S.","family":"Winters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rothman Orthopaedic Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Steven M.","family":"Raikin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rothman Orthopaedic Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David I.","family":"Pedowitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rothman Orthopaedic Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joseph N.","family":"Daniel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rowan University School of Osteopathic Medicine, Stratford, New Jersey"},{"name":"Rothman Orthopaedic Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1938640021992922","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2011.401"},{"key":"bibr2-1938640021992922","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/jbjs.j.01473"},{"key":"bibr3-1938640021992922","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.H.00286"},{"key":"bibr4-1938640021992922","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinternmed.2011.1827"},{"key":"bibr5-1938640021992922","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinternmed.2010.450"},{"key":"bibr6-1938640021992922","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/papr.12097"},{"key":"bibr7-1938640021992922","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40258-014-0102-0"},{"key":"bibr8-1938640021992922","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2012.01.035"},{"key":"bibr9-1938640021992922","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1558944716646765"},{"key":"bibr10-1938640021992922","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2015.06.085"},{"key":"bibr11-1938640021992922","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2473011417s000292"},{"key":"bibr12-1938640021992922","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546517693665"},{"key":"bibr13-1938640021992922","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4135\/9781412964500.n301"},{"key":"bibr14-1938640021992922","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2016.07.113"},{"key":"bibr15-1938640021992922","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e318145a731"},{"key":"bibr16-1938640021992922","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.0130"},{"key":"bibr17-1938640021992922","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1071100718790243"},{"key":"bibr18-1938640021992922","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1938640020977988"},{"key":"bibr19-1938640021992922","unstructured":"New Jersey Prescription Monitoring Program. 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