{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,4]],"date-time":"2026-07-04T11:15:57Z","timestamp":1783163757658,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,23]],"date-time":"2024-04-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1713830400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,23]],"date-time":"2024-04-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1713830400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Foot &amp; Ankle Specialist"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Radiographic measurements for the assessment of metatarsus adductus (MTA) have a broad range of interpretation without a consensus regarding surgical indications. The \u201cPlumbline\u201d (PL) radiographic assessment method helps identify MTA and determines if physical space is available to align the first metatarsal to the longitudinal foot axis without the need to realign the lesser metatarsals. Forty-five neutral weight-bearing anterior-posterior (AP) radiographs of patients scheduled for surgical intervention for isolated hallux valgus (HV) or combined MTA\/HV deformities were reviewed. The cohort was grouped based on the presence of MTA using a Sgarlato\u2019s angle (SA) of 15\u00b0, with 23 patients in the HV-only group and 22 patients in the MTA group. A mean preoperative SA of 8.7\u00b0 (SD: 2.1; range: 5.4-13.4) and 26.6\u00b0 (SD: 5.1; range: 18.2-36) were found in the HV-only and MTA groups, respectively. Subjects with an SA \u2264 15\u00b0 (N = 22) were found to have a negative PL (100%) and subjects with an SA &gt; 15\u00b0 (N = 23) displayed a positive PL (100%). The PL technique provided a simple method and clear visual reference for determining the presence of MTA in HV patients without the need to measure traditional radiographic angles.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Level of Evidence:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Retrospective, Level IV, Diagnostic\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/19386400241241860","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,23]],"date-time":"2024-04-23T06:12:01Z","timestamp":1713852721000},"page":"362-367","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A Simplified Preoperative Radiographic Assessment for Metatarsus Adductus Associated With Hallux Valgus"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7899-3039","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jody P.","family":"McAleer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Jefferson City Medical Group, Jefferson City, Missouri"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William T.","family":"DeCarbo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Greater Pittsburgh Foot &amp; Ankle Center, Wexford, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert D.","family":"Santrock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel J.","family":"Hatch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Foot and Ankle Center of the Rockies, Greeley, Colorado"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Dayton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Foot &amp; Ankle Center of Iowa, Bunion Surgery Specialists, Ankeny, Iowa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W. Bret","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3D Ortho Foot and Ankle Specialist, Durango, Colorado"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,23]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","first-page":"304","article-title":"Metatarsus adductus and hallux abducto valgus: their correlation","volume":"26","author":"La Reaux RL","year":"1987","unstructured":"La Reaux RL, Lee BR. Metatarsus adductus and hallux abducto valgus: their correlation. J Foot Surg. 1987;26(4):304-308.","journal-title":"J Foot Surg"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2473011416S00058"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1071100719835520"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fas.2011.03.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2020.11.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","volume-title":"The Art of Limb Alignment","author":"Standard SC","year":"2014","unstructured":"Standard SC, Herzenberg JE, Conway JD, Lamm BM, Siddiqui NA. Foot and ankle: normal alignment. In: Chase A, ed. The Art of Limb Alignment. Rubin Institute for Advanced Orthopedics, Sinai Hospital of Baltimore; 2014:123."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","first-page":"920","volume-title":"McGlamry\u2019s Comprehensive Textbook of Foot and Ankle Surgery","author":"Banks AS","year":"2001","unstructured":"Banks AS, Downey MS, Martin DE. Metatarsus adductus and allied disorders. In: Vickers NS, ed. McGlamry\u2019s Comprehensive Textbook of Foot and Ankle Surgery, 3rd edition. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2001:920-921.","edition":"3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","volume-title":"Compendium of Podiatric Biomechanics","author":"Sgarlato TE.","year":"1971","unstructured":"Sgarlato TE. Compendium of Podiatric Biomechanics (Vol. 1971). California College of Podiatric Medicine; 1971."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2015.06.026"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.recot.2010.10.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1071100715593799"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1071100720952079"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1067-2516(09)80039-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1071100715608372"}],"container-title":["Foot &amp; Ankle Specialist"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/19386400241241860","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/19386400241241860","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/19386400241241860","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,4]],"date-time":"2026-07-04T10:18:49Z","timestamp":1783160329000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/19386400241241860"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,23]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/19386400241241860"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/19386400241241860","relation":{},"ISSN":["1938-6400","1938-7636"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1938-6400","type":"print"},{"value":"1938-7636","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,23]]}}}