{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T21:00:00Z","timestamp":1775077200365,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,8]],"date-time":"2025-05-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746662400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,8]],"date-time":"2025-05-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746662400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Foot &amp; Ankle Specialist"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Literature suggests that patients view medical examination gloves as often overused and opportunities for cross-contamination. Little research focuses on the patient\u2019s perception of their surgeon when performing a physical examination in a clinic with or without medical examination gloves. The purpose of this project was to determine patient preference for glove use during foot and ankle examinations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A cross-sectional survey was conducted in a Foot and Ankle Orthopaedic Clinic, with 99 out of 100 patients participating (99% response rate). Participants, 53 patient\u2019s female (59.5%) and 36 male (40.4%) answered 8 questions on glove utilization, scored on a Likert scale (Appendix A). Descriptive statistics, data normalcy, and significance tests were used to analyze glove utilization (yes\/no), gender, and age group, at P &lt; .05 significance. The primary outcome examined patient preference for glove use during exams, while secondary outcomes assessed perceived thoroughness and provider approachability.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among 89 patients (59.5% female, 40.4% male, mean age ~55), glove use was reported in 75 surveys and was more common with male patients (33.3% vs 9.43%, P = .059). Males were slightly more agreeable to preferring no gloves (2.86 vs 3.17, P = .134). Patients with physicians who wore gloves vs those without gloves during the encounter were more congenial to glove use for themselves (2.50 vs 3.24, P = .001) and for others (2.21 vs 3.00, P&lt; .001), respectively. Patients preferred glove use for wound exams. Gender, glove use, or age did not influence perceptions of examination thoroughness (1.61) or provider approachability (3.32).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Glove use did not negatively impact patient perception of physical examination thoroughness or personability onto their physician. The results suggest that glove use may be up to the provider\u2019s discretion without concern for seeming less personable to patients or affecting patient perception of examination thoroughness.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Levels of Evidence:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Level IV<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/19386400251333477","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,8]],"date-time":"2025-05-08T08:38:37Z","timestamp":1746693517000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Hands-On or Gloved Approach? Unveiling Patient Experiences in Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Clinics"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-1438-4028","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Rincon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yvonne","family":"Conway","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Samuel K.","family":"Simister","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"Sierra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0370-2377","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shannon","family":"Tse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Kreulen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Giza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","unstructured":"Broussard IM Kahwaji CI. Universal Precautions. StatPearls Publishing; 2024. Accessed August 26 2024. http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK470223\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Standard precautions for all patient care [Infection control]. Accessed August 26 2024. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/infection-control\/hcp\/basics\/standard-precautions.html"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1757177416680442"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2018.01.025"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.b1775"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brankston G Bailey S. Nonsterile Glove Use: CADTH Health Technology Review. Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health; 2023. Accessed August 26 2024. http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK599790\/","DOI":"10.51731\/cjht.2023.735"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.infpip.2020.100091"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2013.11.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","unstructured":"Central London Community Healthcare NHS Trust. CLCH launches trust-wide Gloves Off campaign. Accessed August 26 2024. https:\/\/clch.nhs.uk\/about-us\/news\/clch-launches-trust-wide-gloves-campaign"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","unstructured":"University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust. Gloves off for better safety and a greener NHS. Accessed August 26 2024. https:\/\/www.uclh.nhs.uk\/news\/gloves-better-safety-and-greener-nhs"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/20786190.2016.1187865"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph191710663"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","unstructured":"Pew Research Center. Hispanics of Mexican origin in the United States 2013. Published September 2015. Accessed January 9 2025. https:\/\/www.pewresearch.org\/race-and-ethnicity\/2015\/09\/15\/hispanics-of-mexican-origin-in-the-united-states-2013\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Jameel S Faria S Khan Z. Hand hygiene practices in healthcare settings: assessing glove use and compliance. PLoS ONE. 2023;18(2):e9844063. doi:10.1371\/journal.pone.02684063. Accessed January 9 2025. https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC9844063\/","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.02684063"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Offermans S van Dijk D Schoonhoven L. Understanding the attitudes and beliefs regarding hand hygiene compliance and non-sterile glove use among ICU nurses and healthcare assistants: a qualitative study. SSRN. doi:10.2139\/ssrn.4934179. Published January 2025. Accessed January 9 2025. https:\/\/ssrn.com\/abstract=4934179","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.4934179"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amsu.2021.102743"}],"container-title":["Foot &amp; Ankle Specialist"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/19386400251333477","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/19386400251333477","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/19386400251333477","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]],"date-time":"2026-01-05T19:23:47Z","timestamp":1767641027000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/19386400251333477"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,8]]},"references-count":16,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/19386400251333477"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/19386400251333477","relation":{},"ISSN":["1938-6400","1938-7636"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1938-6400","type":"print"},{"value":"1938-7636","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,8]]},"article-number":"19386400251333477"}}