{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T11:47:56Z","timestamp":1775044076197,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]],"date-time":"2025-11-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762905600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Foot &amp; Ankle Specialist"],"abstract":"<jats:p>First metatarsophalangeal joint arthrodesis is a common surgical intervention for end-stage hallux rigidus and valgus. Such cases can be complicated by disruptions in the metatarsal parabola, particularly an elongated second metatarsal. Some experts advocate for a shortening osteotomy of long metatarsals to restore forefoot balance. However, the present investigators question the benefit of second metatarsal shortening procedures when the first metatarsal is effectively lengthened with arthrodesis. Thus, the current study sought to compare first metatarsophalangeal joint arthrodesis with and without second metatarsal shortening osteotomy. After study criteria, 24 patients undergoing first MTPJ arthrodesis with adjacent Weil osteotomy were matched to 48 patients who underwent first MTPJ arthrodesis alone. Patients were matched for age, sex, indication (hallux rigidus or hallux valgus), metatarsal parabola, body-mass index (BMI), laterality, bone supplementation, fixation type (interfragmentary screw and dorsal locking plate), diabetes, tobacco use, and inflammatory arthropathies. No significant demographic differences were found between the groups (P &gt; .1). At the mean follow-up of 25.5 months, the Weil osteotomy group had twice as many reoperations compared with the control group, at a rate of 25 and 6.3%, respectively (P = .053; OR: 4.9; CI: 1.1-21.7). There were 4 nonunions in each group, with nonunion rates of 16% in the Weil osteotomy group versus 8.3% in the arthrodesis-alone group (P = .43; OR: 2.15; CI: 0.49-9.5). Subsecond metatarsal pain was observed in 16.7% of the Weil osteotomy group (n = 4) and 6.3% of the control group (p= 0.23, OR: 2.8; CI: 0.57-13.6). In this first metatarsophalangeal joint arthrodesis series, no benefit was found when an adjacent second metatarsal shortening osteotomy was completed for preoperative metatarsalgia. Further research is needed to determine if such osteotomies benefit patients undergoing first metatarsophalangeal joint arthrodesis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Levels of Evidence:<\/jats:bold>\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">III<\/jats:italic>\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/19386400251382149","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]],"date-time":"2025-11-12T12:08:20Z","timestamp":1762949300000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Is Second Metatarsal Shortening Osteotomy Necessary With Concomitant First Metatarsophalangeal Joint Arthrodesis? A Case-Control Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4488-7347","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ramez","family":"Sakkab","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sutter Medical Group, Auburn, California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael J.","family":"Radcliffe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Phoenix Foot and Ankle Institute, Scottsdale, Arizona"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lindsey","family":"Bustos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kaiser Permanente Sacramento Valley, Sacramento, California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey E.","family":"McAlister","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Phoenix Foot and Ankle Institute, Scottsdale, Arizona"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zachary","family":"Flynn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arizona Foot Health, Phoenix, Arizona"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/505736"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2016.06.020"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1071100716674671"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","first-page":"1947024","article-title":"Medium-long-term clinical and radiographic outcomes of minimally invasive distal metatarsal metaphyseal osteotomy (DMMO) for central primary metatarsalgia: do Maestro criteria have a predictive value in the preoperative planning for this percutaneous technique?","volume":"2018","author":"Biz C","year":"2018","unstructured":"Biz C, Corradin M, Kuete Kanah WT, et al. Medium-long-term clinical and radiographic outcomes of minimally invasive distal metatarsal metaphyseal osteotomy (DMMO) for central primary metatarsalgia: do Maestro criteria have a predictive value in the preoperative planning for this percutaneous technique? Biomed Res Int. 2018;2018(1):1947024.","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","first-page":"431","article-title":"Evaluation of metatarsal relationships in the biomechanics of 332 normal feet using the method of measuring relative lengths","volume":"46","author":"Barr\u00f4co R","year":"2011","unstructured":"Barr\u00f4co R, Nery C, Favero G, et al. Evaluation of metatarsal relationships in the biomechanics of 332 normal feet using the method of measuring relative lengths. Rev Bras Ortop. 2011;46(4):431-438.","journal-title":"Rev Bras Ortop"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1071100717753829"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.19.22563"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13047-022-00540-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/10711007231205567"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/107110070502601001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-020-04807-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1067-2516(02)80045-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3113\/FAI.2008.0722"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1757-1146-6-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2014.04.021"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2022.01.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fas.2015.12.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","first-page":"33","volume-title":"Hammertoes: A Case-Based Approach","author":"Richie DH","unstructured":"Richie DH. First ray function, metatarsalgia, and hammertoes: how are they connected? In: Cook EA, Cook JJ eds. Hammertoes: A Case-Based Approach. Springer; 2019:33-55."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/107110070302400405"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","first-page":"47","article-title":"Hypermobility of the first ray: the Cinderella of the measurements conventionally assessed for correction of hallux valgus","volume":"91","author":"Biz C","year":"2020","unstructured":"Biz C, Maso G, Malgarini E, et al. Hypermobility of the first ray: the Cinderella of the measurements conventionally assessed for correction of hallux valgus. Acta Bio Medica Atenei Parmensis. 2020;91(4-S):47-59.","journal-title":"Acta Bio Medica Atenei Parmensis"}],"container-title":["Foot &amp; Ankle Specialist"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/19386400251382149","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/19386400251382149","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/19386400251382149","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,15]],"date-time":"2025-11-15T19:45:14Z","timestamp":1763235914000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/19386400251382149"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]]},"references-count":20,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/19386400251382149"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/19386400251382149","relation":{},"ISSN":["1938-6400","1938-7636"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1938-6400","type":"print"},{"value":"1938-7636","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]]},"article-number":"19386400251382149"}}