{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T06:28:07Z","timestamp":1790922487068,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753833600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Sports Health: A Multidisciplinary Approach"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Hamstring strain injuries (HSIs) have a high rate of recurrence, highlighting the need for effective tertiary prevention strategies. Flywheel resistance training appears effective in targeting muscular risk factors for HSI.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Hypothesis:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Flywheel leg curls will result in greater improvements in eccentric knee flexor strength and biceps femoris long head (BF\n                      <jats:sub>LH<\/jats:sub>\n                      ) fascicle length compared with conventional leg curls.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Randomized controlled trial.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of Evidence:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Level 2.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Twenty-six athletes with a history of HSI within the past 18 months participated in an 8-week preventive training program. Athletes were assigned randomly to perform leg curls using either conventional (CON) or flywheel (FLY) equipment. Primary outcomes included eccentric knee flexor strength and BF\n                      <jats:sub>LH<\/jats:sub>\n                      fascicle length. Secondary outcomes included isometric strength, maximal hip flexion active knee extension (MHFAKE), passive straight leg raise (PSLR), BF\n                      <jats:sub>LH<\/jats:sub>\n                      muscle thickness, and pennation angle. Reinjury occurrence was monitored over a 6-month period.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The FLY group showed significantly greater improvements in eccentric strength (19 \u00b1 19% vs 6 \u00b1 9%;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.04) and BF\n                      <jats:sub>LH<\/jats:sub>\n                      fascicle length (9 \u00b1 8% vs 2 \u00b1 3%;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.01) compared with the CON group. The FLY group also exhibited superior gains in isometric strength and flexibility (MHFAKE), whereas the CON group showed a larger increase in BF\n                      <jats:sub>LH<\/jats:sub>\n                      pennation angle. During follow-up, the CON group sustained 3 reinjuries, whereas the FLY group reported only 1 (reinjury risk ratio 3.0, 95% CI, 0.31-28.9).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Athletes with a history of HSI who participated in a preventive training program including flywheel leg curls showed greater improvements in knee flexor strength, fascicle length, and flexibility, as well as a lower reinjury occurrence compared with those trained with conventional leg curls.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Clinical Relevance:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Flywheel resistance training offers enhanced muscular adaptations that may reduce the risk of reinjury in athletes with a history of HSI.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/19417381251355960","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,31]],"date-time":"2025-07-31T06:41:08Z","timestamp":1753944068000},"page":"804-814","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effects of Flywheel Leg Curls on Muscle Structure and Function in Athletes with a History of Hamstring Strain Injury: A Randomized Controlled Trial"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Mat\u00edas","family":"Sampietro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Kinesiology and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, National University of C\u00f3rdoba, C\u00f3rdoba, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vilma","family":"Campana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chair of Biomedical Physics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, National University of C\u00f3rdoba, C\u00f3rdoba, 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