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Intradural biopsy of lumbar arachnoid tissue found mixed inflammatory infiltrate consisting predominantly of histiocytes, S100 and CD68 positivity, and lymphocytophagocytosis (emperipolesis) consistent with extranodal Rosai-Dorfman disease. Rosai-Dorfman disease, a non-Langerhans cell histocytic disorder, can mimic the appearance of neurosarcoidosis and leptomeningeal carcinomatosis and should remain on the differential of a patient presenting with diffuse leptomeningeal enhancement, a common occurrence on a neurohospitalist service.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1941874420929187","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,4]],"date-time":"2020-06-04T06:27:06Z","timestamp":1591252026000},"page":"309-313","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Rosai-Dorfman Disease: A Less Common Cause of Leptomeningeal and Nerve Root Enhancement"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4485-9736","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adam F.","family":"Petraglia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Virginia School of Medicine, VA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jonathan J.","family":"Davick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, University of Virginia Health System, VA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James W.","family":"Mandell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, University of Virginia Health System, VA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2262-5365","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David A.","family":"Lapides","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University of Virginia Health System, VA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1941874420929187","volume-title":"Hematopathology of the Skin: A Clinical and Pathologic Approach","author":"Alejandro AG","year":"2016","edition":"1"},{"key":"bibr2-1941874420929187","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.2017.160"},{"key":"bibr3-1941874420929187","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.2017.55"},{"key":"bibr4-1941874420929187","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2018-03-839753"},{"key":"bibr5-1941874420929187","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1789.2009.01045.x"},{"key":"bibr6-1941874420929187","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/2152-7806.128003"},{"issue":"1","key":"bibr7-1941874420929187","first-page":"63","volume":"87","author":"Rosai J","year":"1969","journal-title":"Arch Pathol"},{"key":"bibr8-1941874420929187","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ccr3.391"},{"key":"bibr9-1941874420929187","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr\/15772106"},{"issue":"11","key":"bibr10-1941874420929187","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.3941\/jrcr.v9i11.2629","volume":"9","author":"Kozak B","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Radiol Case Rep"},{"key":"bibr11-1941874420929187","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2011.10.002"},{"key":"bibr12-1941874420929187","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.2006.104.5.840"}],"container-title":["The Neurohospitalist"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1941874420929187","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/1941874420929187","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1941874420929187","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T22:53:40Z","timestamp":1777589620000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1941874420929187"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,4]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/1941874420929187"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1941874420929187","relation":{},"ISSN":["1941-8744","1941-8752"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1941-8744","type":"print"},{"value":"1941-8752","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,4]]}}}