{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T06:52:12Z","timestamp":1777877532906,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,9]],"date-time":"2020-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1602201600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Neurohospitalist"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Infections are increasingly recognized as a common trigger of autoimmune disease, including autoimmune encephalitis. A significant association is particularly shown between HSV-1 encephalitis (HSVE) and a post-infectious autoimmune encephalitis mediated by neuronal autoantibodies, most notably anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antibodies. The clinical significance of these and other novel post-infectious autoantibodies has led to new diagnostic and treatment challenges for clinicians. Here we present a case of a 19-year-old female with premorbid psychiatric disease and neuropsychiatric sequelae from HSVE who presented over a year after her initial HSVE with behavioral changes and positive anti-NMDAR antibodies. The clinical challenges encountered during this case are explored in detail based on a review of the literature. Research is needed to help guide management in these complex clinical situations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1941874420964356","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,9]],"date-time":"2020-10-09T05:44:41Z","timestamp":1602222281000},"page":"160-164","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Critical Analysis of a Challenging Case of Post-Infectious N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1158-5430","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samantha","family":"Epstein","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jyoti","family":"Ankam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics and Advanced Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wendy S.","family":"Vargas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatric Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0050-0323","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kiran T.","family":"Thakur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1941874420964356","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(18)30244-8"},{"key":"bibr2-1941874420964356","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.24083"},{"key":"bibr3-1941874420964356","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(19)30244-3"},{"key":"bibr4-1941874420964356","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.23689"},{"key":"bibr5-1941874420964356","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/NXI.0000000000000529"},{"key":"bibr6-1941874420964356","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(10)70253-2"},{"key":"bibr7-1941874420964356","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2019.03.011"},{"key":"bibr8-1941874420964356","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/NXI.0000000000000245"},{"key":"bibr9-1941874420964356","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1756286418768778"},{"key":"bibr10-1941874420964356","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/TCRM.S61967"},{"key":"bibr11-1941874420964356","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.21050"},{"key":"bibr12-1941874420964356","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(12)70310-1"},{"key":"bibr13-1941874420964356","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnmol.2016.00037"},{"key":"bibr14-1941874420964356","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(13)70282-5"},{"key":"bibr15-1941874420964356","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1756285617722347"}],"container-title":["The Neurohospitalist"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1941874420964356","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/1941874420964356","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1941874420964356","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T22:53:59Z","timestamp":1777589639000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1941874420964356"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,9]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/1941874420964356"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1941874420964356","relation":{},"ISSN":["1941-8744","1941-8752"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1941-8744","type":"print"},{"value":"1941-8752","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,9]]}}}