{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T05:04:16Z","timestamp":1788498256553,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]],"date-time":"2026-04-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776643200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Neurohospitalist"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Optimal timing of pharmacologic venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis after spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) remains uncertain due to concerns regarding hematoma expansion. Prior studies have primarily relied on arbitrary time thresholds rather than physiological markers of hemorrhage stability.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To summarize the literature on the safety and efficacy of pharmacologic VTE prophylaxis initiated after radiographic confirmation of hematoma stability in patients with spontaneous ICH.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies assessing heparinoids prophylaxis following repeat neuroimaging demonstrating hemorrhage stability. Three databases were searched: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central. The meta-analysis was registered in PROSPERO (CRD420261282903). The primary outcome was new or worsening intracranial hemorrhage, including hematoma expansion or new bleeding. Secondary outcomes included deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. Random-effects models were applied.\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      value was set at 0.05.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Four observational studies comprising 935 patients met inclusion criteria. Comparative meta-analysis demonstrated no significant association between pharmacologic prophylaxis after radiographic stability and intracranial bleeding risk (OR: 1.24, 95% CI: 0.80-1.94,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.33), with negligible heterogeneity (I\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      = 0%). Sensitivity analysis restricted to parenchymal hematoma expansion showed similar results (OR 2.37, 95% CI: 0.42-13.43,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.33). Thromboembolic outcomes trended in favor of pharmacological prophylaxis without reaching statistical significance (OR: 0.63, 95% CI: 0.33-1.22,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.17).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pharmacologic VTE prophylaxis initiated after radiographic confirmation of hematoma stability does not increase intracranial hemorrhage risk and may reduce thromboembolic complications. These findings support further investigation into imaging-guided, individualized strategies for pharmacologic VTE prophylaxis after ICH.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/19418744261445689","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T06:20:25Z","timestamp":1776752425000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Radiographic Stability to Guide Initiation of Pharmacologic Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis After Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5479-9442","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Loggini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Southern Illinois Healthcare"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Faddi G.","family":"Saleh Velez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adnan I.","family":"Qureshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Missouri"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-7583-8217","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amir","family":"Ghafarian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, International University of the Health Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muaaz","family":"Wajahath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Michigan State University College of Human Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Awni D.","family":"Shahait","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Southern Illinois Healthcare"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5853\/jos.2016.00864"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STR.0000000000000069"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","first-page":"e282","article-title":"Guideline for the management of patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage: a guideline from the American heart association\/American stroke association","volume":"53","author":"Greenberg SM","year":"2022","unstructured":"Greenberg SM, Ziai WC, Cordonnier C, et al. Guideline for the management of patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage: a guideline from the American heart association\/American stroke association. Stroke [Internet]. 2022;53(7):e282-e361. 2022 Jul [cited 2026 Feb 3] Available from. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/STR.0000000000000407","journal-title":"Stroke [Internet]"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2025.111300"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)61050-8"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","first-page":"1329","article-title":"Hematoma expansion following intracerebral hemorrhage: mechanisms targeting the coagulation Cascade and platelet activation","volume":"18","author":"Burchell SR","year":"2017","unstructured":"Burchell SR, Tang J, Zhang JH. Hematoma expansion following intracerebral hemorrhage: mechanisms targeting the coagulation Cascade and platelet activation. CDT [Internet]. 2017;18(12):1329-1344. 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