{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T04:55:41Z","timestamp":1782968141736,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":6,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,11]],"date-time":"2023-02-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1676073600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Craniomaxillofacial Trauma &amp; Reconstruction"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title><jats:p> Retrospective analysis at a tertiary care center. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p> This study describes a method of analyzing postoperative results using lateral view clinical photographs to create normalized projection ratios of the glabella and radix. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p> We reviewed preoperative and postoperative photographs of 15 patients. All photographs were in the lateral view Frankfort horizontal plane. We calculated the distances between the (a) tragus and cornea, (b) cornea and radix, (c) cornea and glabella, and the (\u03b8) nasofrontal angle. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p> Fifteen sets of patient photographs were analyzed and found that there was a favorable 14% reduction at the radix and an even greater reduction (78.9%) at the glabella. The nasofrontal angle was improved to a more feminine range from 131.84\u00b0 preoperatively to 145.86\u00b0 postoperatively. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p> Normalized projection ratios of the glabella and radix, along with the nasofrontal angle, can be used to objectively measure outcomes of frontal feminizing cranioplasty. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/19433875221143609","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,11]],"date-time":"2023-02-11T15:58:06Z","timestamp":1676131086000},"page":"143-145","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Objective Photoanalysis of Feminizing Frontal Cranioplasty Outcomes"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Abel P.","family":"David","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adrian E.","family":"House","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sonia","family":"Targ","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4069-7039","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"W. Taylor","family":"DeBusk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P. Daniel","family":"Knott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rahul","family":"Seth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-19433875221143609","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.21187"},{"key":"bibr2-19433875221143609","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599820924635"},{"key":"bibr3-19433875221143609","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-198705000-00003"},{"key":"bibr4-19433875221143609","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0000000000005221"},{"key":"bibr5-19433875221143609","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000000545"},{"key":"bibr6-19433875221143609","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/GOX.0000000000002632"}],"container-title":["Craniomaxillofacial Trauma &amp; Reconstruction"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/19433875221143609","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/19433875221143609","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/19433875221143609","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,18]],"date-time":"2025-03-18T09:41:56Z","timestamp":1742290916000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1943-3883\/17\/2\/21"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,11]]},"references-count":6,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/19433875221143609"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/19433875221143609","relation":{},"ISSN":["1943-3875","1943-3883"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1943-3875","type":"print"},{"value":"1943-3883","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,11]]}}}